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Mwezi wa AAPI Heritage

By Ana B

Mwezi wa May ndi Mwezi wa Chilumba cha Asian American Pacific Islander (AAPI), nthawi yosinkhasinkha ndi kuzindikira kuthandizira ndi chikoka cha AAPI ndi zotsatira zomwe zakhala nazo pa chikhalidwe ndi mbiri ya dziko lathu. Mwachitsanzo, Meyi 1 ndi Lei Day, tsiku loyenera kukondwerera mzimu wa aloha popereka ndi/kapena kulandira lei. Mwezi wa AAPI Heritage umakondwereranso zochitika zina zamaguluwa, kuphatikizapo kukumbukira kusamuka kwa anthu oyambirira ochokera ku Japan kupita ku United States pa May 7, 1843, ndi kukwaniritsidwa kwa njanji ya transcontinental pa May 10, 1869. Zikhalidwe za AAPI ndi anthu, ndizofunikanso kuzindikira zovuta zambiri ndi zovuta zomwe maguluwa adayenera kuthana nazo, ndi zomwe akupitirizabe kukumana nazo lero.

Mosakayikira, zovuta zina zazikulu zomwe anthu akukumana nazo zikugwirizana ndi maphunziro, makamaka kusiyana kwa maphunziro pakati pa ophunzira ochokera kumitundu, mitundu, zipembedzo, ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu osiyanasiyana. Ku Hawaii, kusiyana kumeneku kumagwirizana ndi mbiri yakale yautsamunda kuzilumba za Hawaii. Ulendo wa Captain Cook ku Zilumba za Hawaii mu 1778 unachititsa zimene anthu ambiri akuona kuti ndi chiyambi cha kutha kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu a m’dzikoli. Monga magulu ena ambiri amitundu ndi zikhalidwe padziko lonse lapansi omwe adakhudzidwa ndi utsamunda waku Europe ndi azungu. Potsirizira pake, kulandidwa kwa Hawaii, kumene Cook anayamba kulamulira zisumbuzo, kunachititsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa ulamuliro, kuuchotsa m’manja mwa Amwenyewo kupita ku boma la United States. Masiku ano, Amwenye a ku Hawaii akupitirizabe kukumana ndi zotsatira zosatha komanso zotsatira za utsamunda wakumadzulo.1, 9,

Masiku ano, pali masukulu opitilira 500 a K-12 m'boma la Hawaii-256 aboma, 137 achinsinsi, 31 charter.6—ambiri a iwo amagwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha maphunziro akumadzulo. M'kati mwa maphunziro a ku Hawaii, Amwenye a ku Hawaii ali ndi ena mwa maphunziro otsika kwambiri komanso opambana m'boma.4, 7, 9, 10, 12 Ophunzira aku Hawaii amakhalanso ndi mwayi wokumana ndi zovuta zambiri zamakhalidwe, zamakhalidwe, komanso zachilengedwe, komanso kudwala thupi komanso malingaliro.

Masukulu amakonzekeretsa ophunzira kuti akhale ndi moyo wauchikulire komanso kulowa m'magulu akuluakulu powapatsa ophunzira malo omwe angaphunzire kuchita nawo komanso kuchitapo kanthu ndi ena. Kuphatikiza pa maphunziro apamwamba a Chingelezi, mbiri yakale, ndi masamu, maphunziro amathandizanso chidziwitso cha chikhalidwe cha ophunzira - kuphunzira kusiyanitsa chabwino ndi choipa, momwe angayankhulire ndi ena, momwe angadzifotokozere yekha mogwirizana ndi dziko lonse lapansi.2. Zambiri mwazochitazi zimatsogozedwa ndi mawonekedwe kapena mawonekedwe monga khungu, zovala, mawonekedwe atsitsi, kapena mawonekedwe ena akunja. Ngakhale kuti ndizofala kuti kudziwika kumatanthauziridwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kafukufuku wapeza kuti omwe ali ndi makhalidwe ena apamwamba - mtundu (wakuda kapena akuda), chikhalidwe (osakhala Achimereka), ndi jenda (akazi) - omwe sagwirizana. ku chikhalidwe cha anthu amakumana ndi zovuta ndi zopinga pa nthawi ya maphunziro awo ndi moyo wawo wonse. Zochitika izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zotsatira zoipa pa maphunziro a munthu ameneyo ndi zokhumba zake.3, 15

Nkhani zina zingayambitsidwe ndi kusiyana kwa zimene ophunzira amaphunzira kunyumba kuchokera ku mabanja awo zimene zimayamba adakali aang’ono, ndi zimene amaphunzitsidwa kusukulu. Mabanja amtundu waku Hawaii nthawi zambiri amacheza ndi kuphunzitsa ana awo mogwirizana ndi zikhulupiriro ndi miyambo yachi Hawaii. M’mbiri yakale, anthu a ku Hawaii ankagwiritsa ntchito njira yaulimi yothirira, ndi chikhulupiriro chofala chakuti nthaka, kapena kuti 'āina (kutanthauza, chimene chimadyetsa), chinali thupi la milungu yawo, lopatulika kwambiri kotero kuti likhoza kusamalidwa koma osati laumwini. Anthu a ku Hawaii adagwiritsanso ntchito mbiri yapakamwa komanso miyambo yauzimu (kapu system), yomwe idakhala ngati chipembedzo ndi malamulo. Ngakhale kuti zina mwa zikhulupiriro ndi zizolowezi zimenezi sizikugwiritsiridwanso ntchito, miyambo yambiri ya ku Hawaii yapitirizabe kukhala ndi mbali yaikulu m’miyoyo yapakhomo ya Amwenye Achihawai lerolino. Ngakhale kuti izi zathandiza kuti mzimu wa aloha ukhalebe wamoyo kuzilumba za ku Hawaii, zawononganso mosadziwa chiyembekezo cha maphunziro, zipambano, ndi kupindula kwa ophunzira aku Hawaii kudera lonselo.

Zikhulupiriro ndi zikhulupiliro zambiri za chikhalidwe cha ku Hawaii zimatsutsana ndi "zolamulira" zoyera zapakati zomwe zimaphunzitsidwa m'masukulu ambiri a ku America. "Chikhalidwe cha Anglo-America chimakonda kulemekeza kwambiri chilengedwe ndi mpikisano ndi ena, kudalira akatswiri ... [pogwiritsa ntchito] njira zowunikira"5 kuthetsa mavuto, kudziyimira pawokha, komanso kudzikonda.14, 17 Zolemba pazamaphunziro ku Hawaii komanso maphunziro am'mbuyomu ochita bwino m'maphunziro apeza kuti Amwenye aku Hawaii amavutika kuphunzira chifukwa nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi mikangano yachikhalidwe m'maphunziro. Maphunziro omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi masukulu ambiri nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi kulembedwa kuchokera ku chikhalidwe cha atsamunda akumadzulo.

Kafukufuku adapezanso kuti ophunzira a ku Hawaii nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi zokumana nazo zatsankho komanso zosagwirizana ndi anthu kusukulu ndi ophunzira ena, komanso aphunzitsi ndi mamembala ena asukulu zawo. Zochitikazi nthawi zina zinkachitika mwadala - kutchula mayina ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mawu achipongwe12- ndipo nthawi zina zinali zochitika mwangozi zomwe ophunzira amawona kuti aphunzitsi kapena ophunzira ena amayembekezera zochepa pa iwo potengera mtundu, fuko, kapena chikhalidwe chawo.8, 9, 10, 13, 15, 16, 17 Ophunzira a ku Hawaii omwe amavutika kutsatira ndi kutengera makhalidwe a Azungu nthawi zambiri amawonedwa kuti alibe luso lochita bwino m'maphunziro, ndipo amakumana ndi zovuta zambiri kuti achite bwino m'tsogolomu.

Monga munthu wogwira ntchito yazaumoyo, kuthandiza anthu ena omwe ali pachiwopsezo kwambiri mdera lathu, ndikukhulupirira kuti ndikofunikira kwambiri kumvetsetsa mgwirizano womwe ulipo pakati pa maphunziro ndi thanzi m'malo ambiri. Maphunziro amalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi kuthekera kwa anthu kukhala otetezeka pazachuma, kusunga ntchito, nyumba zokhazikika, komanso kuchita bwino pazachuma. M'kupita kwa nthawi, komanso momwe kusiyana kwachulukira pakati pa ogwira ntchito ndi apakati, kotero kuti kukhala ndi kusagwirizana pakati pa anthu m'dera lathu komanso kusiyana kwa thanzi - matenda, matenda aakulu, matenda a maganizo, ndi zotsatira za thanzi labwino. Ndikofunikira kuti tipitirize kuyang'ana njira zoyendetsera thanzi la anthu ndi chisamaliro cha anthu onse, kumvetsetsa kuti zokhudzana ndi thanzi ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu ndizogwirizana kwambiri ndipo ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti zithetse kusiyana ndi kupititsa patsogolo thanzi ndi moyo wa mamembala athu.

 

 

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