Zitsanzo ndi PTSD
Tonsefe timadalira machitidwe, kaya ndi kuyenda pamsewu, kusewera masewera, kapena kuzindikira zochitika zomwe timazidziwa. Amatithandiza kuthana ndi dziko lotizungulira m'njira yabwino kwambiri. Zimatithandiza kuti tisamangofunika kumangotenga mbali iliyonse ya chidziwitso kuti timvetsetse zomwe zikuchitika.
Zitsanzo zimalola ubongo wathu kuwona dongosolo m'dziko lotizungulira ndikupeza malamulo omwe tingagwiritse ntchito kupanga maulosi. M’malo motengera mfundo m’zigawo zosagwirizana, tingagwiritse ntchito chitsanzocho kuti timvetse zimene zikuchitika kuzungulira ifeyo.
Luso lalikulu limeneli lotha kuzindikira dziko lathu lovutali lingakhalenso lovulaza, makamaka ngati takumana ndi chochitika chomvetsa chisoni. Kungakhale kuvulaza mwadala, ngozi yoopsa, kapena zoopsa za nkhondo. Kenako, ubongo wathu umakhala pachiwopsezo chakuwona machitidwe omwe angatikumbutse, kapena kuyambitsa mwa ife, malingaliro omwe tinali nawo panthawi yowopsa.
June ndi Mwezi Wachidziwitso wa National Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). ndipo cholinga chake ndi kudziwitsa anthu za nkhani zokhudzana ndi PTSD, kuchepetsa manyazi okhudzana ndi PTSD, ndikuthandizira kuonetsetsa kuti omwe akuvutika ndi mabala osawoneka a zochitika zoopsa amalandira chithandizo choyenera.
Akuti pali anthu pafupifupi 8 miliyoni ku United States omwe ali ndi PTSD.
Kodi PTSD ndi chiyani?
Nkhani yayikulu ya PTSD ikuwoneka ngati vuto kapena kusagwira bwino ntchito momwe kupwetekedwa mtima kumakumbukiridwa. PTSD ndi yofala; pakati pa 5% ndi 10% aife tidzakumana ndi izi. PTSD imatha kuchitika pakatha mwezi umodzi pambuyo pa chochitika chowopsa. Izi zisanachitike, madokotala ambiri amaona kuti kuchita zimenezi ndi “kupsyinjika kwakukulu,” komwe nthaŵi zina kumadziwika kuti ndi vuto lalikulu la kupsinjika maganizo. Sikuti aliyense amene ali ndi izi apitiliza kupanga PTSD, koma pafupifupi theka adzachita. Ngati zizindikiro zanu zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa mwezi umodzi, ndikofunikira kuti muwunikire PTSD. Zitha kuchitika pakangotha mwezi umodzi chichitika chowawa, makamaka chochitika chomwe chimaphatikizapo kuwopseza imfa kapena kuvulaza kukhulupirika. Izi ndizofala m'mibadwo yonse ndi magulu.
Kusagwira bwino ntchito kwaubongo kumakumbukira zoopsa zomwe zidachitika m'mbuyomu kumabweretsa zizindikiro zingapo zamaganizidwe. Sikuti aliyense amene akukumana ndi vuto lomvetsa chisoni adzakhala ndi PTSD. Pali kafukufuku wambiri yemwe akuchitika woti ndani mwa ife amene amatha kuganiza mobwerezabwereza, kapena kunyengerera, zomwe zingayambitse PTSD.
Zimakhala zofala kwa odwala omwe amawona wothandizira wawo wamkulu koma mwatsoka nthawi zambiri samadziwika. Azimayi ali ndi mwayi wowirikiza kawiri kuti apeze matenda poyerekeza ndi amuna. Simukuyenera kukhala msilikali. Anthu mkati ndi kunja kwa usilikali amakumana ndi zowawa kwambiri.
Ndi zoopsa zotani zomwe zalumikizidwa ndi PTSD?
Chofunika kudziwa ngakhale kuti pafupifupi theka la akuluakulu adakumana ndi zowawa, osachepera 10% amapanga PTSD. Mitundu ya zoopsa zomwe zalumikizidwa ndi PTSD:
- Nkhanza zokhudzana ndi kugonana - opitilira 30% mwa omwe adachitidwa nkhanza zogonana adakumana ndi PTSD.
- Zokumana nazo zowawitsa anthu - monga imfa yosayembekezereka kapena chochitika china chokhumudwitsa cha wokondedwa, kapena matenda owopsa a mwana.
- Nkhanza pakati pa anthu - izi zimaphatikizapo nkhanza zaubwana kapena kuchitira umboni nkhanza za anthu, kumenyedwa, kapena kuwopsezedwa ndi nkhanza.
- Kuchita nawo ziwawa zomwe zalinganizidwa - izi zitha kuphatikizira kumenyedwa, kuchitira umboni imfa/kuvulala koopsa, kuchititsa imfa mwangozi kapena mwadala kapena kuvulala koopsa.
- Zochitika zina zowopsa zomwe zimawopseza moyo - monga kugunda kwa magalimoto owopsa, masoka achilengedwe, ndi zina.
Kodi zizindikiro ndi ziti?
Malingaliro olowerera, kupewa zinthu zomwe zimakukumbutsani za zoopsa, komanso kukhumudwa kapena kuda nkhawa ndizo zizindikiro zofala. Zizindikirozi zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto ambiri kunyumba, kuntchito, kapena maubale anu. Zizindikiro za PTSD:
- Zizindikiro zolowera - "kuyambiranso," malingaliro osafunika, zokumbukira.
- Zizindikiro zopewera - kupewa zochitika, anthu kapena zochitika zomwe zimakumbutsa anthu za zoopsa zomwe zachitika.
- Kupsinjika maganizo, kuwona dziko ngati malo owopsa, kulephera kulumikizana ndi ena.
- Kukhumudwa kapena "pamphepete," makamaka pamene zayamba pambuyo pokumana ndi zoopsa.
- Kuvuta kugona, kusokoneza maloto owopsa.
Popeza pali zovuta zina zamakhalidwe zomwe zimakumana ndi PTSD, ndikofunikira kuti wothandizira wanu akuthandizeni kuthetsa izi. Ndikofunikira kuti opereka chithandizo afunse odwala awo za zoopsa zomwe zidachitika m'mbuyomu, makamaka ngati pali nkhawa kapena kukhumudwa.
chithandizo
Chithandizo chingaphatikizepo kuphatikiza mankhwala ndi psychotherapy, koma psychotherapy yonse ikhoza kukhala ndi phindu lalikulu. Psychotherapy ndiye chithandizo choyambirira chomwe chimakondedwa cha PTSD ndipo chiyenera kuperekedwa kwa odwala onse. Ma psychotherapies okhudzidwa ndi zoopsa awonetsedwa kuti ndi othandiza kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mankhwala okha kapena "opanda zoopsa". Psychtherapy-focused psychotherapy imayang'ana zomwe zidachitika kale zowawa kuti zithandizire kukonza zochitikazo ndikusintha zikhulupiliro zazomwe zidachitika kale. Zikhulupiriro zimenezi zokhudza zoopsa za m’mbuyomu nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa mavuto aakulu ndipo sizothandiza. Mankhwala alipo ochirikiza chithandizocho ndipo angakhale othandiza kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kwa iwo omwe akuvutika ndi maloto owopsa, wothandizira wanu atha kukuthandizani.
Kodi zowopsa za PTSD ndi ziti?
Pali kutsindika kowonjezereka komwe kumayikidwa pa kuzindikira zinthu zomwe zimafotokozera kusiyana kwa munthu payekha pakuyankhira zoopsa. Ena a ife ndife opirira. Kodi pali zobadwa nazo, zokumana nazo paubwana, kapena zovuta zina m'moyo zomwe zimatipangitsa kukhala pachiwopsezo?
Zambiri mwa zochitikazi ndizofala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu ambiri akhudzidwe. Kufufuza kochokera ku kafukufuku wa zitsanzo zazikulu, zoimira anthu ammudzi m'mayiko 24 zikusonyeza kuti PTSD ikhoza kuchitika pamitundu 29 ya zochitika zoopsa. Zowopsa zomwe zadziwika ndi izi:
- Mbiri ya kuvulala koopsa isanachitike index traumatic event.
- Maphunziro ochepa
- Kutsika kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu
- Mavuto aubwana (kuphatikiza zoopsa zaubwana / nkhanza)
- Mbiri ya misala yaumwini ndi banja
- Gender
- mpikisano
- Thandizo losauka lachitukuko
- Kuvulala kwakuthupi (kuphatikiza kuvulala koopsa kwa ubongo) monga gawo la zochitika zomvetsa chisoni
Mutu wamba m'mafukufuku ambiri wasonyeza kuchuluka kwa PTSD pamene kuvulala kunali mwadala osati mongofuna.
Pomaliza, ngati inu, wokondedwa, kapena mnzanu mukuvutika ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro izi, uthenga wabwino ndi wakuti pali njira zothandiza zothandizira. Chonde fikirani.
chcw.org/june-is-ptsd-awareness-month/
aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2023/0300/posttraumatic-stress-disorder.html#afp20230300p273-b34