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Kusahadzika kuri Kubva Kupi?

By Kisii H

Kupa kusimudzira kwehutano munharaunda yeVatema kwave kuri kurwa kwenguva yakareba. Kufambidzana kumashure kuzvidzidzo zvekare zvakaita sekuyedza kwa1932 Tuskegee, uko varume veVatema vakasiyiwa vasingadi kurapwa syphilis3; kune vakakurumbira manhamba akadai saHenetta Kushaya, ayo masero akabiwa muchivande kubatsira kubatsira kutsvagisa gomarara4; zvinogona kunzwisiswa kuti nei nharaunda yeVatema ichizeza kuvimba nehutano hwekuchengetedza, nepo nakare hutano hwavo hwaisaiswa pamberi. Kusarongeka kwenhoroondo kweVatema vanhu, pamwe nekupfuudzwa kwemashoko asiri iwo pahutano hweVatema uye kusvibiswa kwekutambudzika kweVatema, zvakapa nharaunda yeVatema chisimbiso chega chega chekuti varege kuvimba nehutano hwevaya nevaya vanoshanda mukati mayo.

Kune ngano dzinoverengeka dzakanangana nenharaunda yeVatema idzo dzichiri kupfuudzwa munharaunda yevarapi nhasi. Idzi ngano zvine simba rakakura pamabatirwo anoitwa vanhu vemavara munyika yekurapa:

  1. Zviratidzo zvevanhu vatema zvakafanana nezvazviri munharaunda yevarungu. Zvikoro zvekurapa zvinowanzo kungoongorora chirwere uye kurwara mumamiriro evachena uye nharaunda, izvo zvisingape chinomiririra chaicho chevanhu vese.
  2. Pfungwa yekuti dzinza uye genetics zvinongotarisa njodzi muhutano. Unogona kunzwa zvinhu zvakaita seVatema vanhu vane mukana wakanyanya wekuve nechirwere cheshuga, asi zvakanyatsojeka nekuda kwenzvimbo dzinogadzirisa hutano, senge nharaunda iri kugara munhu, kushushikana kwaari pasi (kureva rusaruraganda) uye kuchengetwa kwavari kukwanisa kugamuchira. Simba reRace pahutano nekuwana rubatsiro rwehutano hazvikurukudzwe zvakanyanya kana kudzidza munharaunda yekurapa, izvo zvinoita kuti vanachiremba vadzidze vanhu vatema, uye hutano hwavo, seboka rimwe rakakura pachinzvimbo cheumwe kana nechaunga chemunharaunda.
  3. Varwere vatema havagone kuvimbwa. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekufungidzira uye kusanzwisiswa kwakapfuudzwa kuburikidza nenzvimbo yekurapa. Zvinoenderana nezvakawanikwa naWallace, vekurapa vanofunga kuti varwere veVatema havana chokwadi nezvehutano hwavo uye variko vachitsvaga chimwe chinhu (kureva mishonga yemishonga).
  4. Ngano yapfuura inopawo yechina; kuti vanhu vatema vanowedzeredza kurwadziwa kwavo kana kuve nemoyo murefu wekushungurudzika. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutenda kuti vanhu vatema vane ganda gobvu, uye magumo avo etsinga haana kujeka kupfuura evachena. Kusimbisa pfungwa dzakadai, chidzidzo chekutsvaga yakaratidza kuti 50% yevadzidzi vekurapa vane mazana mana negumi neviri vakabvunzwa vanodavira kanenge kamwe chete kedzinza kana zvasvika pakurapwa. Manyepo senge aya anogadzira chipingamupinyi mune zvehutano, uye kana uchifunga kumashure kungano mbiri, zvinonzwisisika kuti nei nharaunda yeVatema ichigona kuve nemitengo yepamusoro yehutano.
  5. Chekupedzisira, vatema vatema varipo chete kune mishonga. Nhoroondo, vatema vatema vanoonekwa sevanopindwa muropa, uye kurwadziwa kuri kushoma kwekurapwa zvakanaka muVarwere vatema. Izvi hazviite chete muhutano hwevakuru asi zvinotanga kana varwere vari vana. Mune ongororo yevanosvika miriyoni imwe yevana vane appendicitis muUS, vaongorori vakaona kuti, zvichienzaniswa nevana vachena, vana vatema kashoma kuwana mishonga yekurwadziwa kune ese ari pakati nepakati uye ekurwadziwa kwakanyanya.2 Zvekare, tichidzokera mungano mbiri, izvi zvinonongedzera kumagariro ezvehutano (kureva kuwaniswa kwekuchengetwa kwakakodzera) izvo zvinokonzeresa kwenguva pfupi uye kwenguva refu murwere mutema kuvimba muchirongwa.

Zvino, kupinda munyika yeCOVID-19 uye mushonga, pane zvakawanda zvekuzeza zvine musoro pakuvimba nehurumende uye zvakanyanya kukosha, kuvimba nehurongwa hwehutano hwekupa hutano hwakanaka. Izvi hazvingori chete kubva mukubatwa zvisina kunaka kwenhoroondo kwevanhu vatema muhurongwa hwehutano, asiwo kubva pakurapwa nzanga dzeVatema dzinowana kubva kumasisitimu ese muUnited States. Isu takaona mavhidhiyo anoita kunge anoratidza hutsinye hwemapurisa, vakadzidza nezvenyaya dzinoratidza kushomeka kweruramisiro muhurongwa hwekutongwa kwenyika yedu, uye takaona kuburikidza nekumukira kwechangobva kuitika kuguta redu renyika apo masimba emasimba anopikiswa. Tichitarisa pamitemo ichangoburwa, marongero, uye mhirizhonga uye kuti vezvenhau vanotaura sei nezvenyaya idzi, zvinogona kuoneka kuti nei vanhu vane ruvara nenharaunda dzawo vasingadi kutenda kuti hurongwa hwekuchengetedza hutano hwakatarisa.

Saka chii chatinofanira kuita? Tinoita sei kuti tiwedzere vanhu vatema uye vanhu vane ruvara kuti vavimbe nehutano system uye kukunda kusahadzika kunonzwisisika? Nepo paine matanho akati wandei ekuvaka zvechokwadi kuvimba, nhanho hombe iri kuwedzera mumiriri muhurongwa hwekuchengetedza hutano. Kumiririra kunogona zvakare kukurudzira zvakanyanya kuvimba. Imwe ongororo yakawana kuti kubva kuboka revanhu chiuru nemazana matatu vevatema avo vakapihwa kuongororwa kwemahara kwehutano, avo vakaona chiremba Mutema vaive ne1,300% mukana wekubatwa nefuruu, 56% vangangobvuma kuongororwa chirwere cheshuga, uye 47% kazhinji kubvuma kuongororwa kwecholesterol.5 Kana izvi zvichiratidza chero chinhu, ndechekuti kana iwe uchikwanisa kuzviona uri mumwe munhu, zvinokanganisa zvikuru kugadzikana. Pamwe pamwe nekumiririrwa kwerudzi, isu tinodawo imwe dzidzo kutenderedza hutano hwakaenzana uye nekupa rubatsiro rwakaringana kuvanachiremba. Kubudikidza neshanduko dzinofungisisa kuhurongwa hwedu hwekuchengetedza hutano, kuvimba ikoko kunogona kuvakwa, asi zvinotora nguva uye basa rakawanda.

Saka, semukadzi Mutema, ndichaiswa jekiseni here? Mhinduro yacho ingori hongu uye heino chikonzero - ndinonzwa chiri chinhu chakakodzera kwandiri kuti ndizvidzivirire, vandinoda, uye nharaunda yangu. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) yakawana kuti kana ichienzaniswa nerudzi rwevachena, vanhu vatema vane mikana yakawanda yekuve nezvipatara zveCOVID-1.4, 19, uye ka3.7 mukana wekufa kubva COVID2.8.1 Nekudaro, kunyangwe kuwana mushonga wekudzivirira kunogona kusazivikanwa uye kutyisa, chokwadi che COVID-19 chinotyisawo. Kana iwe ukazviwana iwe uchibvunza kana iwe uchida kuwana jekiseni, tsvaga kwako, taura nedenderedzwa rako, uye bvunza mibvunzo. Iwe unogona zvakare kutarisa iyo CDC webhusaiti, uko kwavanopindura ngano uye chokwadi chejekiseni re COVID-19.

 

References

  1. Nzvimbo dzeDaase Kudzora nekudzivirira, CDC. (Kukadzi 12, 2021). Zvipatara uye kufa nerudzi / dzinza. Kudzorerwa kubva https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/investigations-discovery/hospitalization-death-by-race-ethnicity.html
  2. Wallace, A. (Sep 30,2020). Mujaho neMishonga: 5 Dzidziso dzine njodzi dzekurapa dzinokuvadza vanhu vatema. Kudzorerwa kubva https://www.healthline.com/health/dangerous-medical-myths-that-hurt-black-people#Myth-3:-Black-patients-cannot-be-trusted
  3. Nix, E. (Zvita 15, 2020). Tuskegee kuyedza: Iyo yakashata syphilis kudzidza. Kudzorerwa kubva https://www.history.com/news/the-infamous-40-year-tuskegee-study
  4. (Gunyana 1, 2020). Henrietta Inoshaya: Sayenzi inofanirwa kugadzirisa zvisizvo nhoroondo https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02494-z
  5. Torres, N. (Aug 10, 2018) Tsvagiridzo: Kuva nachiremba mutema kwakatungamira varume kuti vagamuchire kurapwa kwakanyanya. Kudzorerwa kubva https://hbr.org/2018/08/research-having-a-black-doctor-led-black-men-to-receive-more-effective-care