Funga iyo Gap

Aiwa, handisi kutaura nezvezviratidzo muLondon Underground zviteshi zvechitima. “Mukaha” uripo unoreva nzvimbo iri pakati pepuratifomu nechitima chaicho. MaBrits anoda kuve nechokwadi kuti wadarika iyi nzvimbo, kana gap, uye wasvika zvakachengeteka muchitima.

Asi, ndiri kutaura nezverimwe gwanza. Sezvineiwo, mukaha mumasevhisi chero upi wedu angave nawo ari kupinda munzira yekuzvichengeta isu tiine hutano.

Ngatitsigirei imwe yechipiri.

Vatariri vekutanga vakabatikana vanowanzova nezvinangwa zvakati kuti pavanoona murwere. Vari kuteerera kune chero kushushikana kana kunetseka kune chikamu chemurwere. Panguva imwecheteyo, ivo vari kutarisa kune chero zvisingaperi mamiriro avanoziva uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti chero shanduko kumushonga kana kuongororwa inotariswa. Chekupedzisira, vazhinji vanopa rubatsiro rwekutanga vane masisitimu ekuvayeuchidza nezve chero maitiro ekuongorora, kuyedzwa, kana majekiseni angangodiwa. Vazhinji varapi nevarapi vepakati-nhanho vanodaidza izvi se "gap." Izvi zvinonyatso kureva kuti kana ani nani wedu akaonekwa, pane masevhisi anokurudzirwa zvinoenderana nerume redu, zera, kana mamiriro ekurapa. Izvi zvinosanganisirawo majekiseni anokurudzirwa. Vanoda kuvhara gaka iri zvakanyanya sezvinobvira. Mind the gap.¹

Kuchengetedza hutano kwatiri tose kunoenderana nekuti tiri papi muhupenyu. Vacheche, vana nevechiri kuyaruka, vakadzi vakuru, uye varume mumwe nomumwe ane zvakasiyana-siyana zvezviitiko izvo sainzi zvakaratidza kuderedza mutoro wezvirwere. Izvi zvingasanganisira mabasa akaita sei? Muvana nevechiri kuyaruka, somuenzaniso, chiremba anowanzotarisana nemurwere uye mubereki / mutarisiri zvinonetsa uye anobvunza nezvedhipatimendi rekukurumidzira kana kutarisirwa kwechipatara kubva pakushanya kwekupedzisira; mararamiro ehupenyu (kudya, kurovedza muviri, nguva yekuvhara, kusvuta fodya, maawa ekurara usiku humwe, kutarisira mazino, maitiro ekuchengetedza); uye kuita kwechikoro. IAmerican Academy of Pediatrics inokurudzira kuongororwa kwepagore kweBP, kuongorora makore maviri ega ega kwekuona uye matambudziko ekunzwa, uye kuongororwa kune yakakwira cholesterol kamwe pakati pemakore 9 ne11. Kugara uchiongororwa kwezvemagariro zvinotaridza zvehutano zvine chekuita nenjodzi zvinokurudzirwa zvakare. Majekiseni anoenderana nezera uye ekubata-bata anofanira kupihwa. Pane kurudziro dzakafanana asi dzakasiyana dzezera rega rega uye boka revanhukadzi.²

Kurudziro idzi dzinobva kupi? Ivo vanowanzo bva kunzvimbo dzinoremekedzwa seUnited States Preventive Services Taskforce (USPSTF) kana masangano anoremekedzwa ane hunyanzvi seAmerican Cancer Society, American Academy of Family Practice, American Academy of Pediatrics, nevamwe.³

Kushandisa zvinyorwa zvehutano zvemagetsi (EHRs) zvakaratidzwa kuvandudza mazinga ekukura kwekuongorora, kuongororwa kwenjodzi, uye kutungamira kwekutarisira. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvakakonzerwa ne "kusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvakarongwa zve data, maturusi ekutsigira sarudzo, kuona kwenguva refu kwedata revarwere, uye nekuvandudzwa kwekuwana murabhoritari uye yehutano chidimbu data." Majekiseni ekudzivirira zvirwere anogona kuvandudzwa nekushandisa chiyeuchidzo kana hurongwa hwekuyeuka, hunogona kuendeswa kuburikidza nenharembozha, tsamba kana makadhi ekutumira, kana iwe pachako panguva dzedzimwe mhando dzekushanya kukiriniki.⁴

Imhaka ye "mabasa" aya ayo chiremba wekutanga aipiwa akabatanidzwa nemigumisiro yehutano yakagadziridzwa, kusanganisira zvose-zvinokonzera, kenza, chirwere chemwoyo, sitiroko, uye kufa kwevacheche; uremu hwekuzvarwa hwakaderera; makore ekurarama; uye self-rated hutano.⁵

Saka, iyo data inoita seinosimbisa kukosha kwekugadzira hukama ne generalist kiriniki kuti uwane masevhisi ekudzivirira. Iwe unokurumidza kunzwisisa kuti sei vanopa rubatsiro rwekutanga vakabatikana zvakanyanya uye kuti nguva inodiwa yekudzivirira inogona kushomeka mushure mekunge zvimwe zvinodiwa zvaitwa.

Chimwezve chinhu chinofanira kutaurwa pamusoro pekudzivirira. Pave paine mafambiro (Kusarudza Nokuchenjera) makore gumi apfuura+ kuona iwo masevhisi asiri anobatsira. Anopfuura makumi manomwe masangano ehunyanzvi akawana kuti pane anogona kunyanya kushandiswa anowanzo shandiswa bvunzo kana maitiro mukati mehunyanzvi hwavo. Pane chinongedzo pazasi chinoratidza kuti ndeapi masevhisi akaonekwa neAmerican Academy of Family Practice asingabatsire, uye dzimwe nguva anokuvadza.⁶

Uye hongu, ikozvino chikamu cheanokurudzirwa masevhisi anosanganisira mwana mutsva pane block. Kudzivirira COVID-19. Vamwe vakakurudzira kuti COVID-19 yave kuita sefuruu mukuti kuchave neyakakurudzirwa yekudzivirira, ingangoita gore rega rega, kune ramangwana rinoonekwa. Vamwe vakakurudzira kuti kuita kwekudzivirira kweCovid kwakafanana nekuraira munhu kuti asapute. Kusvuta kwakabatana zvakajeka ne emphysema, bronchitis, kenza yemapapu nezvimwe zvirwere zvakawanda. KUSANGANA kuwana mushonga weCOVID-19 kunogona kupokana sekunge kusarudza kuputa. Iwe unosvika kanokwana makumi matanhatu neina mukana wekupedzisira waiswa muchipatara neCCIDID-64 kana ukasarudza kusawana vaccine.⁷

Saka, nguva inotevera paunenge uchiona mutarisiri wako wenguva dzose, ziva kuti vari kutarisa kwauri kubva pamaonero ekupa masevhisi ayo zera rako, murume kana mukadzi, uye mamiriro ekurapa angatendera. Chinangwa chiri chekuvandudza hutano hwako, saka unosunungurwa kuti urarame hupenyu hwako kusvika pakukwanisa kwayo.

References

1. https://www.aafp.org/family-physician/patient-care/clinical-recommendations/clinical-practice-guidelines/clinical-practice-guidelines.html
2. https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2019/0815/p213.html
3. https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation-topics/uspstf-a-and-b-recommendations
4. https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2011/0315/p659.html
5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17436988/
6. https://www.aafp.org/family-physician/patient-care/clinical-recommendations/choosing-wisely.html
7. https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2022/02/covid-anti-vaccine-smoking/622819/