Kusarudzwa Kwemagariro ehutano

Zvemagariro zvinogadzirisa zvehutano - isu tinonzwa nezvazvo nguva dzese, asi ndezvipi chaizvo? Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, ndizvo zvinhu zvakatikomberedza - kupfuura hunhu hwakanaka - zvinotara mhedzisiro yehutano. Ndiwo mamiriro atinozvarwa tiri; kwatinoshanda, kugara, nekuchembera, izvo zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwedu.¹ Semuenzaniso, isu tinoziva kuti kusvuta kunowedzera mukana wako wekenza yemapapu, asi iwe waiziva here kuti zvinhu senge kwaunogara, mweya waunofema, rutsigiro rwemagariro, uye yako nhanho yedzidzo zvinogona kukanganisa hutano hwako hwese?

Vanhu Vakagwinya 2030 yakaratidza zvikamu zvishanu zvakapamhama zvehutano hwemagariro - kana SDoH - ku "ona nzira dzekugadzira magariro uye epanyama anosimudzira hutano hwakanaka kune vese." Aya mapoka ndeaya 1) matunhu edu uye nharaunda dzakavakirwa, 2) hutano uye hutano, 3) mamiriro enharaunda uye enharaunda, 4) dzidzo, uye 5) kugadzikana kwehupfumi.¹ Chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu izvi chinokanganisa hutano hwedu.

Ngatishandise COVID-19 semuenzaniso. Isu tinoziva kuti nharaunda diki dzakarohwa zvakanyanya.² Uye isu tinoziva zvakare kuti nharaunda idzi dziri kunetsekana kuwana majekiseni.^3,4,5 Uyu muenzaniso wekuti nharaunda yedu yakavakirwa ingakanganisa sei mibairo yedu yehutano. Vazhinji vashoma vanogara munzvimbo dzisina kupfuma, vangangove vane mabasa akakosha kana "epamberi" emabasa, uye vane mukana mushoma wekuwana zviwanikwa uye kurapwa kwehutano. Uku kusarongeka kwe SDoH zvese zvakakonzera kuwanda kwenhamba dze COVID-19 kesi uye kufa pakati pemapoka mashoma muUnited States.⁶

Dambudziko remvura muFlint, Michigan mumwe muenzaniso wekuti SDoH inotamba sei muhutano hwedu hwese. Sangano reWorld Health Organisation rinoti SDoH yakaumbwa nekugovaniswa kwemari, simba, uye zviwanikwa, uye mamiriro ari muFlint muenzaniso unoshamisa. Muna 2014, sosi yemvura yaFlint yakashandurwa kubva kuLake Huron - inodzorwa neDetroit Water uye Sewage department - kuenda kuFlint River.

Mvura iri muFlint River yaikanganisa, uye hapana matanho akatorwa kurapa mvura uye kudzivirira mutobvu nemamwe makemikari akaomarara kuti abude nepombi uye mumvura yekunwa. Kutungamira kune chepfu zvinoshamisa, uye kana uchinge wamwa, unochengetwa mumapfupa edu, muropa redu, uye munyama dzedu.⁷ Iko hakuna "akachengeteka" mazinga ekutungamira mutobvu, uye kukuvara kwawo kumuviri wemunhu hakugadzirisike. Muvana, kuratidzwa kwenguva yakareba kunokonzera kunonoka mukusimudzira, kudzidza, uye kukura, uye zvinokuvadza huropi uye huta hwetsinga. Muvanhu vakuru, zvinogona kutungamira kuchirwere chemwoyo neitsvo, kuwedzerwa kweropa, uye kuderedzwa kwekubereka.⁸ 

Izvi zvakaitika sei? Kutanga, vakuru veguta vaida sosi yemvura isingadhuri nekuda kwezvinetso zvebhajeti. Flint murombo, kunyanya guta reBlack. Vanenge makumi mana kubva muzana yevagari vayo vanogara muhurombo.⁹ Nekuda kwemamiriro kunze kwekudzora kwavo - kunyanya kushomeka kwemari yeguta, uye vakuru vakasarudza "mira-uye-ona nzira¹⁰ pachinzvimbo chekugadzirisa nyaya yacho nekukasira - vanhu vangangoita zviuru zana nemakumi masere vasingazivi vakanwa, vakagezwa uye vakabikwa nemvura inotungamirwa-negiringi kwegore. Mamiriro ekukurumidzira akaziviswa muna 140,000, asi vagari vemuFlint vachararama nemhedzisiro yehuturu hwehutobvu kwehupenyu hwavo hwese. Zvichida zvinonetsa zvakanyanya inyaya yekuti vangangoita 2016% yevagari veFlint vana.

Dambudziko remvura raFlint rakanyanya, asi wakakosha muenzaniso wekuti SDoH inogona kukanganisa sei vanhu nenharaunda. Kazhinji, iyo SDoH yatinosangana nayo haina kusimba zvakanyanya, uye inogona kutarisirwa kuburikidza nedzidzo uye yekumiririra. Saka, chii chatingaite isu sesangano kubata SDoH inokanganisa nhengo dzedu? State Medicaid vamiririri vakaita seColorado Access vanogona uye vari kushingairira kuita SDKH yenhengo. Mamaneja ekuchengetedza anoita basa rakakosha kudzidzisa nhengo, kuziva zvavanoda, uye kupa vanotumirwa zviwanikwa kudzikisira zvipingamupinyi pakuchengeta. Yedu hutano zvirongwa zvekuita uye kupindira zvakare zvine chinangwa kudzikisira zvipingamupinyi pakuchengeta nekuvandudza mhedzisiro yehutano. Uye, iro sangano riri mukubatira pamwe nguva dzose nevatinoshanda navo munharaunda pamwe nemasangano ehurumende kutsigira zvinodiwa nenhengo dzedu.

References

1. https://health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/social-determinants-health
2. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/health-equity/race-ethnicity.html
3. https://abc7ny.com/nyc-covid-vaccine-coronavirus-updates-update/10313967/
4. https://www.politico.com/news/2021/02/01/covid-vaccine-racial-disparities-464387
5. https://gazette.com/news/ethnic-disparities-emerge-in-colorado-s-first-month-of-covid-19-vaccinations/article_271cdd1e-591b-11eb-b22c-b7a136efa0d6.html
6. COVID-19 Rudzi uye Kusarurana (cdc.gov)
7. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/lead/health.html
8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6309965/
9. https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/flintcitymichigan/PST045219
10. https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/04/20/465545378/lead-laced-water-in-flint-a-step-by-step-look-at-the-makings-of-a-crisis