Thibelo, ema… eng?
Bongata ba rōna re ile ra utloa batsoali ba rōna (kapa bo-nkhono le bo-ntate-moholo) ba re, “Tsela e fokolang feela ea thibelo e ka ba boima ba k’hilograma ea phekolo.” Tlhaloso ea pele e tsoa ho Benjamin Franklin ha a ntse a eletsa batho ba Philadelphia ba kotsing ea mollo ka bo-1730.
E ntse e sebetsa, haholo-holo ha re hlokomela bophelo ba rona.
Ba bangata baa ferekana hore na hantle-ntle tlhokomelo ea thibelo ke efe ha ho tluoa tabeng ea tlhokomelo ea bophelo. Ho bonahala re utloisisa hore lintho tse kang ho tsamaea kamehla kapa ho fumana ente ke karolo ea thibelo, empa 'nete ke hore ho na le tse ling tse ngata.
Tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle ke seo u se etsang ho lula u phetse hantle pele u kula. Joale ke hobane'ng ha u lokela ho ea ngakeng ha u phetse hantle? Tlhokomelo ea thibelo e ka u thusa ho lula u phetse hantle, ho ntlafatsa boleng ba bophelo ba hau, le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle.
Ho tloha ka 2015, ke liperesente tse robeli feela tsa batho ba baholo ba US ba lilemo li 35 le ho feta ba fumaneng lits'ebeletso tsohle tse tlang pele, tse loketseng tsa thibelo ea kliniki tse khothaletsoang bakeng sa bona. Liphesente tse hlano tsa batho ba baholo ha lia ka tsa fumana litšebeletso leha e le life tse joalo. Re belaela hore sena ha se lekhalo le fokolang la tlhahisoleseling mme mohlomong ke lekhalo la phihlello kapa ts'ebetsong.
Bakeng sa likhoeli tse 12 ho tloha 2022 le 2023, hoo e ka bang halofo ea basali bohle ba Amerika ba ile ba tlola bophelo bo botle ba thibelo (mohlala, tlhahlobo ea selemo le selemo, ente, kapa tlhahlobo e khothaletsoang kapa kalafo), hangata hobane ba ne ba sa khone ho lefella litšenyehelo tse tsoang pokothong. ke bile le bothata ba ho fumana kopano.
Ha ba botsoa, ho ba bangata ba basali bana, litšenyehelo tse phahameng tse tsoang ka pokothong le bothata ba ho fumana nako ea kopano e ne e le a mang a mabaka a ka sehloohong a ho lahleheloa ke tšebeletso.
Ke eng e nkoang e le tlhokomelo ea thibelo?
Tlhahlobo ea hau ea selemo le selemo - Sena se ka kenyelletsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele le tlhahlobo ea bohlokoa ea bophelo bo botle bakeng sa lintho tse kang khatello e phahameng ea mali, k'holeseterole le maemo a mang a bophelo bo botle. Maemong ana, tlhokomelo ea thibelo e kenyelletsa ho fumana le ho laola maemo pele a mpefala le ho feta.
Litlhahlobo tsa mofets'e – Lik’hemik’hale tse ngata, ka bomalimabe ha se kaofela, ha li ka fumanoa kapele, li ka alafuoa habonolo, ka lebaka leo, li na le sekhahla se phahameng sa ho alafa. Batho ba bangata ha ba bone matšoao a mofetše maemong a pele, a phekolehang. Ke ka lebaka leo li-screenings li khothalletsoang ka linako tse itseng le linako tse itseng bophelong bohle ba hau. Ka mohlala, ho khothalletsoa hore banna le basali ba qale ho hlahloba kankere ea mala ho qala ha ba le lilemo li 45, ho ba bang, esita le pejana. Litlhahlobo tse ling tsa thibelo bakeng sa basali li kenyelletsa liteko tsa Pap le mammograms, ho latela lilemo le kotsi ea bophelo bo botle. Haeba u monna, u ka buisana le ngaka ea hau ka melemo le likotsi tsa tlhahlobo ea prostate.
Liente tsa bana - Liente tsa bana li kenyelletsa pholio (IPV), DTaP, HIB, HPV, hepatitis A le B, lefu la khoho, maselese le MMR (mumps le rubella), COVID-19, le tse ling.
Liente tsa batho ba baholo - E kenyelletsa li-booster tsa Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, le pertussis) le liente khahlanong le mafu a pneumococcal, shingles le COVID-19.
Lefu la selemo le selemo - Ho thunngoa ha mokhohlane ho ka thusa ho fokotsa kotsi ea ho tšoaroa ke feberu ka 60%. Haeba u tšoaroa ke feberu, ho fumana ente ea feberu ho ka fokotsa haholo menyetla ea matšoao a matla a feberu a ka lebisang sepetlele. Ba nang le maemo a mang a sa foleng, joalo ka asthma, ba kotsing haholo ke feberu.
Sesole sa US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF kapa Task Force) se fana ka likhothaletso tse thehiloeng bopaking mabapi le lits'ebeletso tsa thibelo tse kang tlhahlobo, tlhabollo ea boits'oaro, le litlhare tsa thibelo. Litlhahiso tsa Task Force li etselitsoe litsebi tsa tlhokomelo ea mantlha ke litsebi tsa tlhokomelo ea mantlha.
Ho molemo ho phekola batho pele ba kula (er)
E, ho na le litlhare tse thibelang mafu tse fumanehang bakeng sa mafu a mangata a sa foleng; tsena li kenyelletsa ho kenella pele lefu le hlaha (le bitsoang thibelo ea mantlha), ho fumana le ho alafa lefu nakong ea pele (thibelo ea bobeli), le ho laola lefu hore le liehe kapa le se ke la mpefala (thibelo ea thuto e phahameng). Mehato ena e sebetsa maemong a bophelo bo botle ba boitšoaro, joalo ka matšoenyeho kapa khatello ea maikutlo, hammoho le maemo a mang a bophelo bo botle ba 'mele. Ho feta moo, ha e kopantsoe le liphetoho tsa mokhoa oa bophelo, e ka fokotsa haholo palo ea lefu le sa foleng le bokooa le lefu le amanang le tsona. Leha ho le joalo, re bone litabeng tsa bophelo bo botle hore litšebeletso tsena ha li sebelisoe haholo ho sa tsotellehe moroalo oa batho le moruo oa mafu a sa foleng.
Ha re utloisise ka botlalo ho se sebelisoe ha litšebeletso tsa thibelo. Rona, joalo ka bafani, re ka boela ra sitisoa ke ho potlaka ha letsatsi le letsatsi ha tlhokomelo ea mantlha. Palo ea litšebeletso tse khothalelitsoeng e hloka nako e telele ho rera le ho fana ka eona. Sena se boetse se bakoa ke khaello naheng ka bophara ea basebetsi ba tlhokomelo ea mantlha.
Ho thibela maloetse le likotsi ho bohlokoa ho ntlafatsa bophelo bo botle ba Amerika. Ha re tsetela ho thibela, melemo e arolelanoa ka bophara. Bana ba hōlela libakeng tse khothalletsang khōlo ea bona e phetseng hantle, 'me batho ba atleha ebile ba phela hantle ka hare le ka ntle ho mosebetsi.
Qetellong
Ho thibela maloetse ho hloka ho fetang feela boitsebiso ho etsa liqeto tse phetseng hantle. Tsebo e bohlokoa, empa sechaba se tlameha ho matlafatsa le ho ts'ehetsa bophelo bo botle ka litsela tse ling, mohlala, ka ho etsa khetho e nepahetseng ka mokhoa o bonolo le ka theko e tlase. Re tla atleha ho theha tikoloho e phetseng hantle ea sechaba ha “moea le metsi li hloekile ’me li sireletsehile; ha matlo a bolokehile ebile a theko e tlaase; ha litšebeletso tsa lipalangoang le tsa sechaba li fa batho monyetla oa ho ba mafolofolo le ho sireletseha; ha likolo li fa bana lijo tse phetseng hantle ’me li fana ka thuto ea ’mele ea boleng bo phahameng; le ha likhoebo li fana ka maemo a bophelo bo botle le a sireletsehileng a ho sebetsa le phihlello ea mananeo a felletseng a bophelo bo botle. ” Makala 'ohle a kenya letsoho ho tsa bophelo bo botle, ho kopanyelletsa le bolulo, lipalangoang, thuto le tlhokomelo e tšoanelehang ea setso.
Tsoela pele ho Fumana Tlhokomelo e Thibelang eo U e Hlokang
Etsa bonnete ba hore u tsoela pele ho boloka tšireletso ea hau ea bophelo bo botle e le hore u ka tsoela pele ho fumana tlhokomelo ea thibelo eo u e hlokang. Ha u fumana pakete ea hau ea ntlafatso ea Medicaid ka poso, e tlatse ebe u e khutlisa ka nako, 'me u netefatse hore u lula u sheba lengolo-tsoibila la hau, lengolo-tsoibila le lengolo-tsoibila. Lebokose la poso la PEAK le ho nka kgato ha o fumana melaetsa ya semmuso. Ithute haholoanyane Mona.
aafp.org/news/health-of-the-public/ipsos-women-preventive-care.html
healthpartners.com/blog/preventive-care-101-what-why-and-how-much/
cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0625.htm
hhs.gov/sites/default/files/disease-prev
uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/task-force-at-a-glance