Nā lāʻau lapaʻau 2021
Wahi a ka CDC, e pale aku nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o 21 miliona mau halemai a me 730,000 mau make ma waena o nā keiki i hānau ʻia i nā makahiki he 20 i hala. No kēlā me kēia $1 i hoʻokomo ʻia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, he $10.20 i manaʻo ʻia e mālama ʻia i nā kumukūʻai olakino pololei. Akā, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻonaʻauao maʻi e pono ai e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
No laila, heaha ka pilikia?
No ka mea ke hoʻomau nei ka nui o nā moʻolelo e pili ana i nā kano, e luʻu kākou.
ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua
I ka makahiki 1796, ua ʻike ke kauka ʻo Edward Jenner i ka mālama ʻole ʻana o nā kahu waiu mai ka maʻi maʻi liʻiliʻi e hoʻopilikia nei i nā kānaka ma ia wahi. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua kūleʻa a Jenner me ka maʻi pipi i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi pipi iā lākou mai ka ulu ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi liʻiliʻi, a ʻo ka mea nui aku, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka manaʻo e hiki ke hoʻopili i nā maʻi kanaka me kahi maʻi like ʻole, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka invasive, hiki i ka maʻi ke pale i nā kumuhana mai ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi maʻi ʻino. ʻIke ʻia ʻo ia ka makuakāne o ka immunology, ʻike ʻia ʻo Jenner i ka hana ʻana i ke kano mua o ka honua. I ka manawa like, no ka huaʻōlelo "vaccine". bipi, ka huaolelo Latina no ka bipi, a o ka huaolelo Latina no ka ma'i pipi variolae vaccinae, ʻo ia hoʻi, “ka maʻi maʻi o ka bipi.”
Eia nō naʻe, ma mua o 200 mau makahiki ma hope mai, ke kū mau nei nā maʻi maʻi maʻi, a ma kekahi mau wahi o ka honua ke piʻi nei.
Aia kahi noiʻi pūnaewele ma Malaki o 2021 e ka American Academy of Family Physicians e hōʻike ana i ka hilinaʻi o ka maʻi kano i ka like a i hoʻonui iki ʻia i ka wā maʻi COVID-19. Ma kahi o 20% o ka poʻe i noiʻi ʻia i hōʻike i ka emi ʻana o ka hilinaʻi o nā kano. Ke hoʻohui ʻoe i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he liʻiliʻi ka poʻe i loaʻa i kahi kumu mālama mua a loaʻa ka poʻe i ka ʻike mai ka nūhou, ka pūnaewele, a me ka ʻoihana pūnaewele, maopopo ke kumu i loaʻa ai kēia pūʻulu hoʻomau o ka poʻe kānalua kano. Eia kekahi, i ka wā o ka maʻi maʻi, ʻike pinepine ka poʻe i kā lākou kumu mālama maʻamau, e ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka kuhi hewa.
ʻO ka hilinaʻi ke kī
Inā alakaʻi ka hilinaʻi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pono ai no ʻoe iho a i kāu mau keiki, ʻoiai ʻo ka nele o ka hilinaʻi ka mea ʻē aʻe, a laila 20% o ka poʻe ʻaʻole e loaʻa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ʻōlelo ʻia e waiho iā mākou āpau ma ʻaneʻi i ka pilikia no nā maʻi hiki ke pale ʻia. Pono paha mākou ma ka liʻiliʻi he 70% o ka heluna kanaka e pale i ka COVID-19. No nā maʻi lele loa e like me ka ʻāʻī, ua kokoke kēlā helu i ka 95%.
ʻO ke kanalua kano?
ʻO ka hōʻole ʻana a i ʻole ka hōʻole ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻoiai ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻoweliweli i ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka holomua i hana ʻia i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā maʻi hiki ke pale ʻia. I kekahi manawa, i koʻu ʻike ʻana, ʻo ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he hesitancy kano he manaʻo wale nō. ʻO ka manaʻoʻiʻo "ʻaʻole ia e pili iaʻu," no laila ke manaʻo nei kekahi he pilikia kēia o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole no lākou. Ua hoʻoulu kēia i ke kamaʻilio nui e pili ana i kā mākou "ʻaelike pili" me kekahi. Hōʻike kēia i nā mea a mākou e hana pākahi ai no ka pono o nā mea a pau. Hiki ke komo i ke kū ʻana ma ke kukui ʻulaʻula, a i ʻole ka puhi ʻole ʻana i ka hale ʻaina. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau kekahi o nā ala ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai i ka maʻi - ke pale nei ia i kēia manawa he 2-3 miliona mau make i ka makahiki, a hiki ke pale ʻia kahi 1.5 miliona hou inā hoʻomaikaʻi ka uhi honua o nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻO ke kūʻē ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka wā kahiko e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ponoʻī. I loko o nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala aku nei, ua piʻi aʻe ka kūʻē ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano nui, ʻo ia hoʻi e kūʻē i ka lāʻau lapaʻau MMR (measles, mumps, a me rubella). Ua hoʻoikaika ʻia kēia e kahi kauka lapaʻau Pelekane i hoʻopuka i ka ʻikepili hoʻopunipuni e pili ana i ka maʻi MMR i ka autism. Ua aʻo nā mea noiʻi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka autism a ʻaʻole i loaʻa kahi loulou. Ua ʻike lākou i ka gene nona ke kuleana, ʻo ia hoʻi, aia kēia pilikia mai ka hānau ʻana.
ʻO ka manawa paha ka mea hewa. ʻO ka pinepine o nā keiki e hoʻomaka ana e hōʻike i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi autism spectrum e hana pēlā i ka manawa a lākou e loaʻa ai ka lāʻau maʻi ʻaʻai, mumps a me ka rubella.
Herd immunity?
Ke pale ʻole ka hapa nui o ka heluna kanaka i kahi maʻi lele, hāʻawi kēia i ka pale kūʻokoʻa-i kapa ʻia hoʻi ka pale ʻana o ka lehulehu, herd immunity, a i ʻole herd protection-i ka poʻe i pale ʻole i ka maʻi. Inā hele mai kekahi kanaka me ka ma'i ma'i i ka US, no ka la'ana, he 'eiwa mai loko o kēlā me kēia 10 po'e i hiki ke ho'opa'a 'ia i ka ma'i ma'i, he mea pa'akikī loa ka laha 'ana o ka ma'i ma'i i ka heluna kanaka.
ʻO ka ʻoi aku o ka lele ʻana o ka maʻi, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka heluna o ka heluna kanaka e pono ai ka pale ʻana ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka emi ʻana o ka maʻi.
ʻO kēia pae o ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi koʻikoʻi e hiki ai, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻopau koke i ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka coronavirus, hiki iā mākou ke hele i kahi pae o ka pale ʻana o ka lehulehu kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻokele ʻia nā hopena o COVID.
ʻAʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻopau i ka COVID-19 a i ʻole ke kiʻi ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o kahi mea e like me ka maʻi maʻi i ka US Akā hiki iā mākou ke kūkulu i ka pale ʻana i ko mākou heluna kanaka e hoʻolilo iā ia i maʻi e hiki ai iā mākou ke ola pū. Hiki iā mākou ke hōʻea koke i kēia huakaʻi, inā loaʻa iā mākou ka nui o ka poʻe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia - a he wahi kūpono ia e hana ai.
Nā Myths a me nā ʻoiaʻiʻo
Kaʻi: ʻAʻole hana nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: Kāohi nā lāʻau lapaʻau i nā maʻi he nui i maʻi nui ai ka poʻe. I kēia manawa ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nei nā kānaka no ia mau maʻi, ʻaʻole maʻamau. He laʻana maikaʻi ka ʻāʻī.
Pākani: ʻAʻole palekana nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: He mea nui ka palekana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, mai ka hoʻomaka a i ka hopena. I ka wā o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, mālama ʻia kahi kaʻina hana koʻikoʻi e ka US Food and Drug Administration.
Pākani: ʻAʻole pono au i nā lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o koʻu kino kūlohelohe ma mua o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: Nui nā maʻi hiki ke pale ʻia he pōʻino a hiki ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao mau loa. ʻOi aku ka palekana—a maʻalahi hoʻi—e kiʻi i nā kano. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana e kōkua iā ʻoe mai ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka maʻi i nā poʻe i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia a puni ʻoe.
Kaʻi: Loaʻa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kahi mana ola o ka maʻi maʻi.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: Hoʻokumu ʻia nā maʻi e nā maʻi bacterial a i ʻole maʻi viral. Hoʻopunipuni nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kou kino i ka manaʻo ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e kekahi maʻi. I kekahi manawa he ʻāpana ia o ka virus kumu. ʻO nā manawa ʻē aʻe, he mana nāwaliwali ia o ka maʻi.
Pākani: Loaʻa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: Hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao me nā lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau e pili ana i ka ʻeha, ka ʻulaʻula, a me ka pehu ma kahi kokoke i ke kahua injection; he kuni haʻahaʻa ma lalo o 100.3 degere; he poʻo; a me ka hu'ihu'i. He kakaikahi loa nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi a aia kahi kaʻina holoʻokoʻa no ka ʻohi ʻana i kēia ʻike. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mea maʻamau, e ʻoluʻolu e haʻi i kāu kauka. ʻIke lākou pehea e hōʻike ai i kēia ʻike.
Kaʻi: Hoʻopilikia nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka maʻi autism spectrum.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: Aia ka hōʻike ʻana i nā kano mai hana i ka autism. ʻO kahi noiʻi i paʻi ʻia ma mua o 20 mau makahiki i hala aku nei ua manaʻo mua ʻo nā kano ke kumu o ke kīnā i kapa ʻia ʻo maʻi maʻi autism. Eia naʻe, ua hōʻike ʻia kēlā haʻawina he wahaheʻe.
Pākani: ʻAʻole palekana ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā hāpai.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: ʻOiaʻiʻo, he ʻoiaʻiʻo ka ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka mea nui, paipai ka CDC i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi maʻi (ʻaʻole ka mana ola) a me DTAP (diphtheria, tetanus, a me ka cough whooping). Mālama kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau i ka makuahine a me ka pēpē e ulu ana. Aia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i ʻōlelo ʻole ʻia i ka wā hāpai. Hiki i kāu kauka ke kūkākūkā i kēia me ʻoe.
familydoctor.org/vaccine-myths/
Resources
ibms.org/resources/news/vaccine-preventable-diseases-on-the-rise/
Hui Ola Ola. He ʻumi hoʻoweliweli i ke olakino honua ma 2019. Loaʻa iā ʻAukake 5, 2021. who.int/news-room/spotlight/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019
Hussain A, Ali S, Ahmed M, et al. ʻO ka neʻe anti-vaccination: he regression i ka lāʻau lapaʻau hou. Cureus. 2018;10(7):e2919.
jhsph.edu/covid-19/articles/achieving-herd-immunity-with-covid19.html