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Funda kabanzi apha

Kuvela phi ukuthandabuza?

By Kisii H

Ukubonelela ngokunyusa impilo esebenzayo kuluntu oluMnyama kube ngumzabalazo ixesha elide. Ukuthandana kwakhona kwizifundo zembali ezinje ngovavanyo lwe-Tuskegee lowe-1932, apho amadoda aMnyama ayeshiywe ngabom enganyangeki ngenxa yegcushuwa3; kubantu abadumileyo abanjengoHenetta Ukunqongophala, iiseli zabo zazibiwe ngokufihlakeleyo ukunceda ukwazisa ngophando lomhlaza4; kunokuqondakala ukuba kutheni uluntu oluNtsundu luthandabuza ukuthemba inkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo, ngelixa ngokwembali impilo yabo yayingabekwa phambili. Ukuphathwa gadalala kwembali kwabantu abaMnyama, kunye nokusasazwa kwengcaciso engeyiyo kwimpilo yabantu abaMnyama kunye nehlazo leentlungu eziMnyama, kunike uluntu oluNtsundu isiqinisekiso sonke sokungayithembi inkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo kunye nabo basebenza kuyo.

Kukho iintsomi ezininzi ezinxulumene noluntu oluNtsundu olusagqithiswayo kuluntu lwezonyango namhlanje. Ezi ntsomi banefuthe elikhulu kwindlela abantu abanemibala abaphathwa ngayo kwilizwe lezonyango:

  1. Iimpawu zabantu abaNtsundu ziyafana nezo zinabantu abaMhlophe. Izikolo zonyango zithanda ukufundisisa kuphela izifo kunye nokugula kwimeko yabamhlophe kunye noluntu, enganiki bonakaliso buchanekileyo babemi bonke.
  2. Uluvo lokuba ubuhlanga kunye nemfuza zimisela kuphela umngcipheko kwimpilo. Unokuva izinto ezinje ngabantu abaNtsundu kusenokwenzeka ukuba babe nesifo seswekile, kodwa zichaneke ngakumbi ngenxa yokuchazwa kwezempilo, enje ngendawo ahlala kuyo umntu, uxinzelelo aphantsi kwalo (okt ubuhlanga) kunye nenkathalo nako ukufumana. Impembelelo yomdyarho kwimpilo kunye nokufikelela kukhathalelo lwempilo ayixoxwa ngokubonakalayo okanye ifundwe kwindawo yezonyango, ebangela ukuba oogqirha bafunde abantu abaNtsundu, kunye nempilo yabo, njengeqela elinye elikhulu endaweni yomntu ngamnye okanye kugxilwe ekuhlaleni.
  3. Izigulana ezimnyama azinakuthenjwa. Oku kungenxa yeenkolelo kunye nolwazi olungelulo olugqithiselwe kuluntu lwezonyango. Ngokokufunyaniswe nguWallace, indawo zonyango zikholelwa ekubeni izigulana eziNtsundu azinyani ngemeko yazo kwaye zifuna enye into (oko kukuthi amayeza kagqirha).
  4. Intsomi edlulileyo nayo iyondla kwesesine; ukuba abantu abaMnyama bayabaxa iintlungu zabo okanye banonyamezelo lwentlungu oluphezulu. Oku kubandakanya ukukholelwa ekubeni abantu abaNtsundu banesikhumba esityebileyo, kwaye iziphelo zabo zemithambo-luvo azinovelwano kangako kunolo lwabantu abamhlophe. Ukomeleza izimvo ezinje, isifundo sophando ibonakalisile ukuba i-50% yabafundi bezonyango abangama-418 abakholelwayo bakholelwa ubuncinci bentsomi xa kufikwa kunyango. Iintsomi ezinje ngezi zenza umqobo kukhathalelo lwempilo, kwaye xa ucinga emva kwentsomi yesibini, kuyaqondakala ukuba kutheni uluntu oluNtsundu lunokuba namazinga aphezulu ezimo zempilo.
  5. Okokugqibela, abaguli abaMnyama bakhona kuphela kunyango. Ngokwembali, abaguli abaNtsundu bajongwa njengezikhoboka, kwaye iintlungu azifane ziphathwe kakuhle kwizigulana eziMnyama. Oku akupheleli nje kwimpilo yabantu abadala kodwa kuqala xa izigulana zingabantwana. Kuphononongo olumalunga nesigidi sabantwana abane-appendicitis e-US, abaphandi bafumanise ukuba, xa kuthelekiswa nabantwana abamhlophe, abantwana abaMnyama abanakufane bafumane amayeza eentlungu kuzo zombini iintlungu ezilinganayo nezinzima.2 Kwakhona, ukubuyela kwiintsomi ezimbini, oku kukhomba ekuchazeni kwezempilo (okt ukufikelela kukhathalelo olufanelekileyo) oluchaphazela isigulana esimnyama ukuthembakala kwexesha elifutshane kunye nexesha elide kwinkqubo.

Ngoku, ukungena kwihlabathi le-COVID-19 kunye nokugonya, kuninzi ukuthandabuza okufanelekileyo malunga nokuthemba urhulumente kwaye okubaluleke ngakumbi, kukuthemba inkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo ukuba ibonelele ngokhathalelo olufanelekileyo. Oku akubangelwa kuphela kukuphathwa gadalala kwembali kwabantu abaNtsundu kwinkqubo yezempilo, kodwa nakunyango lwabantu abaNtsundu abalufumanayo kuzo zonke iinkqubo eMelika. Sizibonile iividiyo ezibonakala ngathi zibonisa ubundlobongela bamapolisa, sifunde ngamatyala abonisa ukungabikho kobulungisa kwinkqubo yezomthetho yelizwe lethu, kwaye sibonile ngovukelo lwamva nje kwikomkhulu lesizwe sethu xa iinkqubo zamandla zicelwa umngeni. Ukujonga imithetho yakutshanje, imigaqo-nkqubo, kunye nobundlobongela kunye nendlela amajelo eendaba azichaza ngayo ezi ngxaki, kunokubonwa ukuba kutheni abantu bebala kunye noluntu lwabo luthandabuza ukukholelwa ukuba inkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo ijonge ngaphandle.

Ke kufuneka senze ntoni? Sibafumana njani abantu abaNtsundu kunye nabantu bebala ukuba bayithembe inkqubo yezempilo kwaye boyise ukuthandabuza okufanelekileyo? Ngelixa kukho amanyathelo aliqela okwakha ukuthembana ngokwenyani, inyathelo elikhulu kukonyusa ukumelwa kwinkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo. Ukumelwa kunokuchaphazela ukuthembana. Olunye uphononongo lufumanise ukuba kwiqela lamadoda ayi-1,300 abaNtsundu abebenikwa uvavanyo lwezempilo lwasimahla, abo babone ugqirha oMnyama babengama-56% amathuba okuba babethwe ngumkhuhlane, abangama-47% babenakho ukuvuma ukuvavanyelwa isifo seswekile, kunye nama-72% kunokwenzeka ukuba yamkele ukuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol.5 Ukuba oku kubonisa nantoni na, kukuba xa uzibona emntwini, yenza ifuthe elikhulu ekuhlaleni kamnandi. Kunye nokumelwa ngokobuhlanga, sikwafuna imfundo ngakumbi malunga nokulingana kwezempilo kunye nokubonelela ngononophelo olulinganayo kumagqirha. Ngolu tshintsho olunomdla kwinkqubo yethu yokhathalelo lwempilo, ukuthembana kungakhiwa, kodwa kuya kuthatha ixesha kunye nomsebenzi omninzi.

Ke, njengomfazi oNtsundu, ndizakugonywa? Impendulo ngu-ewe kwaye yiyo le nto-ndiva kuyinto elungileyo ukuba ndiyenze ukuzikhusela, ukubathanda, kunye noluntu lwam. Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo (CDC) afumanise ukuba xa kuthelekiswa noluntu olumhlophe, abantu abaNtsundu banamathuba angama-1.4 amathuba okuba babe namatyala e-COVID-19, amaxesha angama-3.7 asesibhedlele, kunye namaxesha angama-2.8 okusweleka I-COVID19.1 Ke, ngelixa ukufumana isitofu sokugonya kungaziwa kwaye kusothusa, iinyani ze-COVID-19 ziyasoyikisa. Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba unemibuzo xa ufuna ukufumana isitofu sokugonya, yenza uphando lwakho, thetha nesangqa sakho, kwaye ubuze imibuzo. Ungajonga kwakhona Iwebhusayithi yeCDC, apho baphendula khona kwiintsomi nakwinyani yesitofu sokugonya se-COVID-19.

 

Ucaphulo

  1. Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo, iCDC. NgoFebruwari 12, 2021. Izibhedlele kunye nokufa ngokobuhlanga / ubuhlanga. Kubuyiselwa kwi https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/investigations-discovery/hospitalization-death-by-race-ethnicity.html
  2. IWallace, A. (Sep 30,2020). Uhlanga kunye neyeza: 5 Iintsomi eziyingozi zonyango ezenzakalisa abantu abamnyama. Kubuyiselwa kwi https://www.healthline.com/health/dangerous-medical-myths-that-hurt-black-people#Myth-3:-Black-patients-cannot-be-trusted
  3. UNix, E. (Ngomhla we-15, 2020). Uvavanyo lweTuskegee: Uphononongo olungathandekiyo lwegcushuwa. Kubuyiselwa kwi https://www.history.com/news/the-infamous-40-year-tuskegee-study
  4. (Septemba 1, 2020). Ukusilela kukaHenrietta: Inzululwazi kufuneka ilungise imeko engeyiyo eyimbali https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02494-z
  5. UTorres, N. (Aug 10, 2018) Uphando: Ukuba nogqirha omnyama kukhokelele amadoda ukuba afumane ukhathalelo olusebenzayo. Kubuyiselwa kwi https://hbr.org/2018/08/research-having-a-black-doctor-led-black-men-to-receive-more-effective-care