Ukukhanya okuKhanyayo: Ukwazisa ngeSifo sikaParkinson
Njengoko ilanga lasekuseni lihluza kwiikhethini, olunye usuku luqala. Nangona kunjalo, kwabo baphila nesifo sikaParkinson, eyona misebenzi ilula inokuba yimingeni enzima, njengoko intshukumo nganye ifuna umgudu odibeneyo kunye nokuzimisela okungagungqiyo. Ukuvuka kwinyani yokuncipha kokushukuma kusisikhumbuzo esilusizi samadabi emihla ngemihla azayo. Isenzo esasikade singenamandla sokuphakama ebhedini ngoku kufuneka sibambelele kwizinto ezikufutshane ukuze sifumane inkxaso, ingqina elithe cwaka lemeko eqhubekayo yesifo sikaParkinson.
Ngezandla ezingcangcazelayo kunye nokulungelelana okungazinzanga, kwanesithethe sakusasa sokwenza ikofu sitshintsha sibe ngumzamo omkhulu. Ivumba elithuthuzelayo lekofu esandula ukwenziwa ligutyungelwe ludano lokuchitha ulwelo oluninzi kwikhawuntara kunekomityi yokulinda. Ukuhlala phantsi ukuze ungcamle le ncindi yokuqala, iqondo lobushushu elidikidiki liyasilela, libangela ukuba kubuyelwe ekhitshini ukutshisa ikofu kwi-microwave. Isinyathelo ngasinye sivakalelwa njengomsebenzi, kodwa umnqweno womzuzwana wokufudumala kunye nokuthuthuzela uqhubela phambili, nangona kukho imiqobo. Ukunqwenela ukukhatshwa okulula kwikofu kukhokelela kwisigqibo sokugcoba isiqwenga sesonka. Yintoni eyayisakuba sisenzo sesiqhelo ngoku ibonakala njengoluhlu lwemingeni, ukusuka ekuzabalazeni ukufaka isonka kwi-toaster ukuya ekubambeni ngemela ukusasaza ibhotolo kwisilayi esithosiweyo. Intshukumo nganye ivavanya umonde kunye nokunyamezela, njengoko ukungcangcazela kusongela ukujongela phantsi kwaneyona misebenzi isisiseko.
Isiko lale ntsasa sisiganeko esixhaphakileyo kubantu abaninzi abaphila nesifo sikaParkinson, ngokufanayo notatomkhulu wam ongasekhoyo, uCarl Siberski, oye wajongana neenyani eziqatha zale meko. Kangangeminyaka, wayejongana nemiceli mngeni eyayivezwe sisifo sikaParkinson, esikhanyisela kwimizabalazo yemihla ngemihla yabo bachatshazelwe yile meko inzima yemithambo-luvo. Ngaphandle kokuxhaphaka kwayo, kusekho ukunqongophala kokuqonda malunga nesifo sikaParkinson. Ngembeko yohambo lukaCarl kunye nabanye abangenakubalwa abachatshazelwa sisifo sikaParkinson, uAprili uchongwe njengeNyanga yokuQatshelwa kweSifo sikaParkinson. Le nyanga ibalulekile njengoko iphawula inyanga yokuzalwa kuka-James Parkinson, owaqala ukuqaphela iimpawu zesifo sikaParkinson kwiminyaka engama-200 eyadlulayo.
Ukuqonda isifo sikaParkinson
Ngoko, yintoni kanye kanye isifo sikaParkinson? Isifo sikaParkinson sisifo se-neurological esichaphazela kakhulu yonke into yobomi bomntu. Embindini wayo, yimeko enenkqubela phambili ephawulwa kukuwohloka ngokuthe ngcembe kweeseli zemithambo-luvo engqondweni, ngakumbi ezo zinoxanduva lokuvelisa i-dopamine. Le neurotransmitter idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuququzeleleni iintshukumo ezigudileyo nezilungelelanisiweyo zezihlunu. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko amanqanaba e-dopamine ehla ngenxa yokonakala kweeseli okanye ukufa, iimpawu zesifo sikaParkinson ziqhubela phambili, ukusukela ekungcangcazeleni, ukuqina, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwibhalansi kunye nolungelelwaniso.
Iimpawu zesifo sikaParkinson
Iimpawu ziyahluka kumntu nomntu kwaye zinokubonakala ngokuthe ngcembe ekuhambeni kwexesha. Kuxhomekeke kumntu ngamnye, kunokuba ngumngeni ukwahlula ukuba iimpawu zihambelana nesifo sika-Parkinson okanye nje ukuguga. KuCarl, ukulwa kwakhe nesifo sikaParkinson kwabhengezwa kwiminyaka yakhe yobudala, ekhokelela abo babengasoloko bemngqongile ukuba bacinge ukuba kukungakwazi kwakhe ukuqhubeka nobomi. Noko ke, kwabaninzi, kuquka intsapho yakhe, kwakudimaza ukubona umgangatho wobomi bakhe uwohloka ngokuthe ngcembe.
UCarl wanikela ixesha elininzi lobomi bakhe ekuhambeni kunye nokusebenza ngokomzimba. Xa wayethatha umhlala-phantsi, waqalisa uhambo olwahlukeneyo lwamazwe ngamazwe kwaye waba ngumthandi wokuhamba ngenqanawa, esonwabele phantse iinqanawa ezingama-40 ebomini bakhe. Ngaphambi kokuhamba kwakhe, uchithe amashumi eminyaka efundisa ibanga lesi-4 ngelixa ekhulisa abantwana abathandathu kunye nenkosikazi yakhe, uNorita. Edume ngobomi bakhe obudlamkileyo, uCarl wathatha inxaxheba kugqatso lomgama omde, ebaleka yonke imihla, ebamba onke amathuba okunyuka intaba, enyamekela igadi enkulu ebumelwaneni, kwaye wenza ukuba imisebenzi yokuphucula ikhaya ibonakale ingenamsebenzi. Emva kokuba esaziwa ngokukhwela ibhayisekile yakhe, kwafuneka arhoxe kuloo msebenzi njengoko isifo sikaParkinson saqalisa ukuchaphazela ukuhamba kwakhe. Imisebenzi eyayikhe yamzisela ulonwabo olupheleleyo—njengokwenza isitiya, ukupeyinta, ukunyuka intaba, ukubaleka, nokudanisa—yaba ziinkumbulo kunokuba izinto zemihla ngemihla.
Ngaphandle kobomi obunzima bukaCarl, isifo sikaParkinson asikhethi. Ngelishwa, ayinakunyangeka okanye ithintelwe. Nangona indlela yokuphila esebenzayo kaCarl yayiphawuleka, ayizange imenze ukuba akhuseleke kwisifo. Isifo sikaParkinson sinokuchaphazela nabani na, kungakhathaliseki ukuba inqanaba labo lomsebenzi.
Ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zesifo sikaParkinson ziquka:
- Ukungcangcazela: Ukungcangcazela ngokuzenzekelayo, ngokuqhelekileyo kuqala ezandleni okanye eminweni.
- I-Bradykinesia: Ukunyakaza okucothayo kunye nobunzima bokuqalisa iintshukumo zokuzithandela.
- Ukuqina kwemisipha: Ukuqina kwemilenze okanye i-trunk kunokubangela intlungu kunye nokuphazamiseka kokuhamba.
- Ukungazinzi kwe-Postural: Ubunzima bokugcina ukulinganisela, okukhokelela ekuweni rhoqo.
- I-Bradyphrenia: Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okufana nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ubunzima bokugxila, kunye nokutshintsha kwemo.
- Iingxaki zokuthetha nokuginya: Utshintsho kwindlela yokuthetha nengxaki yokuginya.
Ubunzima bokuthetha kunye nokuginya yayizezona mpawu zinzima, ezichaphazela kakhulu uCarl. Ukutya, olona lonwabo lukhulu ebomini, kuba ngumthombo wonxunguphalo xa ubani engenakuzifica ngokupheleleyo. Ubunzima bokuthetha kunye nokugwinya kubangela imingeni kwidabi lokulwa nesifo sikaParkinson, ukudala imiqobo yonxibelelwano kunye nokutya okufanelekileyo. UCarl wahlala ephaphile kwaye encokola kwiminyaka yakhe yokugqibela kodwa esokola ukucacisa iingcinga zakhe. KuMbulelo wakhe wokugqibela, usapho lwethu lwahlala lujikeleze itafile, kwaye ulangazelelo lwavuka emehlweni kaCarl njengoko wayebonisa ngomdla ihors d'oeuvres—esibongozo esithe cwaka sokuba sonwabele ubumnandi obumnandi awayengenakubungcamla ngokupheleleyo.
Ukuhlangabezana nesifo sikaParkinson
Ngelixa isifo sika-Parkinson ngokungathandabuzekiyo sichaphazela umgangatho wobomi, ayisibonakalisi ukuphela kobomi ngokwabo. Kunoko, kufuna uhlengahlengiso ukuze uqhubeke uphila ngokupheleleyo. KuCarl, ukwayama kwinkqubo yakhe yenkxaso kuye kwaba yinto ebalulekileyo, kwaye waba nethamsanqa lokuba neziko eliphezulu kwindawo ahlala kuyo apho wayezibandakanya rhoqo noontanga bakhe. Inkalo yentlalontle yayibalulekile kuye ukuba aqhubele phambili, ngakumbi ecinga ukuba abaninzi babahlobo bakhe babejongene nobunzima ngempilo yabo, ebavumela ukuba baxhasane ngamava abelana ngawo.
Ukongeza kwinethiwekhi yakhe yoluntu, uCarl wafumana induduzo elukholweni lwakhe. NjengomKatolika ozinikeleyo, ukuya kwidini lemihla ngemihla kwicawa yaseSt. Rita kwakumomeleza ngokomoya. Ngoxa izinto zokuzonwabisa ezingokwenyama kwakufuneka zibekelw’ ecaleni, ukuya ecaweni kwahlala kuyinxalenye yenkqubo yakhe. Ubudlelwane bakhe nomfundisi wecawe baba buqina ngakumbi, ingakumbi kwiminyaka yakhe yokugqibela, njengoko umfundisi wayenikela isikhokelo somoya, eqhuba iSakramente yokuthanjiswa kwabagulayo kwaye ekhokela imisa yomngcwabo kaCarl. Amandla omthandazo kunye nenkolo asebenze njengendlela ebalulekileyo yokujongana noCarl kwaye anokunceda ngokufanayo abanye abajongene nemingeni efanayo.
Ngaphandle kokholo, inkxaso yosapho idlale indima ebalulekileyo kuhambo lukaCarl. Njengotata wabantwana abathandathu kunye notatomkhulu oneminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo, uCarl wayethembele kusapho lwakhe ngoncedo, ngakumbi ngemiba yokuhamba. Ngelixa ubuhlobo babubalulekile, inkxaso yosapho yayibaluleke ngokulinganayo, ngakumbi xa kucwangciswa ukhathalelo lokuphela kobomi kunye nezigqibo.
Ukufikelela kwiingcali zokhathalelo lwempilo nako kwakubalulekile. Ubungcali babo bukhokele uCarl kwiingxaki zesifo sikaParkinson. Oku kugxininisa ukubaluleka kokunakekelwa kwezempilo, njenge-Medicare, enceda ukunciphisa umthwalo wemali ohambelana nonyango. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kumalungu e-Colorado Access, anokuthi abhekane neemeko ezifanayo, kwaye abeka imbono yokuba kutheni kubalulekile ukuba siqhubeke sinikezela ngeMedicaid.
Ukongeza kwezi ntsika zenkxaso, ezinye izicwangciso zokujongana nazo zinokunceda abantu abaphila nesifo sikaParkinson, kuquka:
- Imfundo: Ukuqonda isifo kunye neempawu zaso kuxhobisa abantu ukuba benze izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nonyango lwabo kunye nohlengahlengiso lwendlela yokuphila.
- Hlala usebenza (ukuba kunokwenzeka): Zibandakanye kumsebenzi womzimba ohambelana nezakhono kunye nezinto ozikhethayo, njengoko umthambo unokunceda ukuphucula ukuhamba, isimo sengqondo, kunye nomgangatho wobomi ngokubanzi kubantu abanesifo sikaParkinson.
- Yamkela itekhnoloji eguqukayo: Izixhobo ezincedisayo kunye netekhnoloji inokuphucula ukuzimela kwaye iququzelele imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla yabantu abanesifo sikaParkinson.
Ngasekupheleni kohambo lukaCarl kunye nesifo sika-Parkinson, wangena kunyango lwe-hospice kwaye kamva ngokuthula wasweleka ngoJuni 18, 2017, eneminyaka eyi-88. Kuyo yonke imizabalazo yakhe, uCarl wahlakulela ukuqina kwimfazwe yakhe yemihla ngemihla yokulwa nesifo sikaParkinson. Uloyiso ngalunye oluncinane, nokuba lwenza ngempumelelo ikomityi yekofu okanye ukusasaza ibhotolo kwi-toast, lwalumele uloyiso phezu kobunzima.
Njengoko sicinga ngohambo luka-Carl kunye nemingeni ajongene nayo, masizibophelele ekukhuliseni ulwazi kunye nokukhuthaza uvelwano kwabo baphila nesifo sikaParkinson. Ngamana ibali lakhe lingasebenza njengesikhumbuzo sokuqina nokomelela, naphezu kweyona mingeni inzima. Yanga singamanyana kwiinzame zethu zokuxhasa kunye nokunyusa abo bachatshazelwe sisifo sikaParkinson.
imithombo
mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/parkinsons-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20376055