Uthintelo, yima… yintoni?

Uninzi lwethu lweva abazali bethu (okanye ootatomkhulu noomakhulu) besithi, “Into nje yokuthintela ixabisa iponti yonyango.” Isicatshulwa sokuqala savela kuBenjamin Franklin ngelixa ecebisa abantu basePhiladelphia abasengozini yomlilo kwi-1730s.

Isasebenza, ngakumbi xa sinyamekela impilo yethu.

Abaninzi bayabhideka ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ukhathalelo lothintelo xa kufikwa kukhathalelo lwempilo. Sibonakala siqonda ukuba izinto ezifana nokuhamba rhoqo okanye ukufumana ugonyo ziyinxalenye yothintelo, kodwa inyaniso kukuba, kuninzi kakhulu.

Ukhathalelo lwempilo lothintelo yinto oyenzayo ukuze uhlale usempilweni phambi kokuba ugule. Khona kutheni kufuneka uye kwagqirha xa usempilweni? Ukhathalelo lothintelo lunokukunceda uhlale usempilweni, uphucule umgangatho wobomi bakho, kwaye wehlise iindleko zakho zokhathalelo lwempilo.

Ukususela kwi-2015, iipesenti ezisibhozo kuphela zabantu abadala base-US abaneminyaka eyi-35 nangaphezulu baye bafumana zonke iindawo eziphambili, ezifanelekileyo iinkonzo zokukhusela ezicetyiswayo kubo. Isihlanu ekhulwini sabantu abadala abazange bafumane naziphi na iinkonzo ezinjalo. Sikrokrela ukuba oku akusisithuba solwazi kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba sisisantsa ekufikeleleni okanye ekuphunyezweni.

Kwiinyanga ezili-12 zokuvala u-2022 no-2023, phantse isiqingatha sabo bonke abafazi baseMelika baye batsiba impilo yothintelo (umzekelo, uhlolo lonyaka, isitofu sokugonya, okanye uvavanyo olucetyiswayo okanye unyango), ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yokuba bebengakwazi ukuhlawula iindleko eziphuma epokothweni kwaye ubenengxaki yokufumana idinga.

Xa bebuzwa, kuninzi lwaba bafazi, iindleko eziphezulu eziphuma epokothweni kunye nobunzima bokufumana idinga zezinye zezizathu eziphambili zokuphoswa kwenkonzo.

Yintoni ethathwa njengononophelo lothintelo?

Ukuhlolwa kwakho ngonyaka -Oku kunokubandakanya uvavanyo lomzimba kunye novavanyo oluyimfuneko lwezempilo jikelele kwizinto ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-cholesterol, kunye nezinye iimeko zempilo. Kwezi meko, ukhathalelo lothintelo lubandakanya ukufumana nokulawula iimeko ngaphambi kokuba zibe mbi kakhulu.

Ukuhlolwa komhlaza – Imihlaza emininzi, ngelishwa ayizizo zonke, ukuba zifunyenwe kwangoko, zinokunyangeka lula kwaye, ngenxa yoko, zinezinga eliphezulu lokunyangeka. Uninzi lwabantu alufumani zimpawu zomhlaza kwasekuqaleni, amanqanaba anyangekayo. Yiyo loo nto ukuhlolwa kucetyiswa ngamaxesha athile kunye namathuba ebomini bakho bonke. Ngokomzekelo, kucetyiswa ukuba amadoda kunye nabasetyhini baqalise ukuhlolwa komhlaza we-colorectal ukuqala kwiminyaka engama-45 ubudala, kwabanye, nangaphambili. Olunye uvavanyo lothintelo lwabasetyhini lubandakanya uvavanyo lwePap kunye ne-mammograms, ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka kunye nobungozi bempilo. Ukuba uyindoda, ungathetha nogqirha wakho malunga neenzuzo kunye neengozi zokuhlolwa kwe-prostate.

Ugonyo lwabantwana – Ugonyo lwabantwana lubandakanya ipoliyo (IPV), DTaP, HIB, HPV, hepatitis A no-B, irhashalala, imasisi kunye neMMR (uqwilikana kunye nerubella), i-COVID-19, kunye nezinye.

Ugonyo lwabantu abadala -Ibandakanya i-Tdap (i-tetanus, i-diphtheria, kunye ne-pertussis) kunye nogonyo oluchasene nezifo zepneumococcal, ishingles, kunye ne-COVID-19.

Ukudubula komkhuhlane wonyaka –Izithonga zomkhuhlane zinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana umkhuhlane ukuya kuthi ga kwi-60%. Ukuba ufumana umkhuhlane, ukufumana isitofu sokugonya umkhuhlane kunokunciphisa kakhulu amathuba eempawu ezinzulu zomkhuhlane ezinokukhokelela esibhedlele. Abo banezimo ezithile ezingapheliyo, ezifana ne-asthma, basengozini kakhulu kumkhuhlane.

I-US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF okanye i-Task Force) yenza iingcebiso ezisekelwe kubungqina malunga neenkonzo zokukhusela ezifana nokuhlolwa, iingcebiso zokuziphatha, kunye neyeza zokuthintela. Iingcebiso zoMsebenzi woMsebenzi zenzelwe iingcali zokhathalelo oluphambili ziingcali zokhathalelo lokuqala.

Kungcono ukunyanga abantu ngaphambi kokuba bagule (er)

Ewe, kukho unyango lothintelo lweklinikhi olukhoyo kwizifo ezininzi ezingapheliyo; ezi ziquka ukungenelela phambi kokuba isifo senzeke (esibizwa ngokuba luthintelo olusisiseko), ukufumana kunye nokunyanga izifo kwibakala lakwangoko (uthintelo olukwinqanaba lesibini), kunye nokulawula isifo ukuze sicothe okanye sisigcine singabi mbi kakhulu (uthintelo oluphezulu). Olu ngenelelo lusebenza kwiimeko zempilo yokuziphatha, ezifana nokuxhalaba okanye ukudakumba, kunye nezinye iimeko zempilo yomzimba. Ngaphaya koko, xa kudityaniswa nokutshintsha kwendlela yokuphila, kunokunciphisa kakhulu ubungakanani besifo esingapheliyo kunye nokukhubazeka kunye nokufa okuhambelana nayo. Nangona kunjalo, sibonile kukhathalelo lwempilo ukuba ezi nkonzo azisetyenziswa kakhulu nangona umthwalo wabantu kunye noqoqosho lwezifo ezingapheliyo.

Asikuqondi ngokupheleleyo ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweenkonzo zothintelo. Thina, njengababoneleli, sinokuphazanyiswa kukungxamiseka kwemihla ngemihla kokhathalelo oluphambili. Inani leenkonzo ezicetyiswayo lifuna ixesha elininzi lokucwangciswa nokunikezelwa. Oku kukwasisiphumo sokunqongophala kwilizwe lonke kubasebenzi bokhathalelo lokuqala.

Ukuthintela izifo kunye nokulimala kubalulekile ekuphuculeni impilo yaseMelika. Xa sityala imali ekuthinteleni, izibonelelo zabelwana ngokubanzi. Abantwana bakhulela kwiimeko ezikhuthaza ukukhula kwabo okunempilo, kwaye abantu banemveliso kwaye basempilweni ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwendawo yokusebenza.

ekugqibeleni

Ukuthintela izifo kufuna ngaphezu kolwazi ukwenza ukhetho olunempilo. Ulwazi lubalulekile, kodwa uluntu kufuneka luqinise kwaye luxhase impilo ngezinye iindlela, umzekelo, ngokwenza ukhetho olunempilo lube lula kwaye lufikeleleke. Siya kuphumelela ekudaleni imeko-bume yoluntu esempilweni xa “umoya namanzi zicocekile kwaye zikhuselekile; xa izindlu zikhuselekile kwaye zifikeleleka; xa izibonelelo zezothutho kunye noluntu zibonelela abantu ngamathuba okuba basebenze kwaye bakhuseleke; xa izikolo zinika abantwana ukutya okunempilo kwaye zibonelela ngemfundo esemgangathweni yomzimba; kwaye xa amashishini ebonelela ngeemeko zokusebenza ezisempilweni nezikhuselekileyo kunye nokufikelela kwiinkqubo zempilo ezibanzi. " Onke amacandelo anegalelo kwezempilo, kuquka izindlu, ezothutho, imfundo, nokhathalelo olufanelekileyo ngokwenkcubeko.

Qhubeka Ufumana Unonophelo Lothintelo Oludingayo

Qinisekisa ukuba uyaqhubeka nokugcina i-inshorensi yempilo yakho ukuze ukwazi ukuqhubeka ufumana ukhathalelo lothintelo olufunayo. Xa ufumana ipakethi yakho yokuhlaziya iMedicaid ngeposi, yigcwalise kwaye uyibuyisele kwangexesha, kwaye qiniseka ukuba uhlala ujonga i-imeyile yakho, i-imeyile, kunye Ibhokisi yeposi ye-PEAK kunye nokuthatha inyathelo xa ufumana imiyalezo esemthethweni. Funda nzulu Apha.

aafp.org/news/health-of-the-public/ipsos-women-preventive-care.html

healthpartners.com/blog/preventive-care-101-what-why-and-how-much/

cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0625.htm

hhs.gov/sites/default/files/disease-prev

uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/task-force-at-a-glance