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Karin bayani a nan

Daga Ina Hesitancy take zuwa?

By Kishi H

Bayar da ingantaccen ingantaccen kiwon lafiya a cikin theungiyar baƙar fata ya kasance gwagwarmaya na dogon lokaci. Tun daga nazarin tarihi kamar gwajin 1932 na Tuskegee, wanda da gangan aka bar Maƙaryata ba tare da magani ba don cutar syphilis3; ga mashahuran mutane kamar su Henrietta Lacks, waɗanda aka sata ƙwayoyinsu a ɓoye don taimakawa wajen sanar da binciken cutar kansa4; ana iya fahimtar dalilin da ya sa thean Baƙar fata suke jinkirin amincewa da tsarin kiwon lafiya, alhali a tarihi ba a ba da fifiko ga lafiyarsu ba. Tarihin zaluntar baƙar fata, da kuma ba da labari game da lafiyar Baƙar fata da ƙyamar baƙin Black, ya ba wa baƙar fata kowane tabbaci don kada su amince da tsarin kiwon lafiya da waɗanda ke aiki a ciki.

Akwai tatsuniyoyi da yawa masu alaƙa da theungiyar Baƙar fata waɗanda har yanzu ana ci gaba da tafiyarsu a cikin ƙungiyar likitocin a yau. Wadannan tatsuniyoyin suna da tasirin gaske kan yadda ake kula da mutane masu launi a cikin duniyar likita:

  1. Kwayar cututtukan cututtukan mutane iri ɗaya daidai yake da na fararen fata. Makarantun likitanci suna yin nazari ne kawai game da cuta da rashin lafiya a cikin yanayin fararen fata da al'ummomin, wanda ba ya bayar da cikakken wakilcin yawan jama'a.
  2. Tunanin cewa tsere da halittar jini kawai yana tantance haɗari a cikin lafiyar. Kuna iya jin abubuwa kamar Baƙar fata suna iya kamuwa da ciwon sukari, amma ya fi daidai saboda abubuwan da suka shafi lafiyar jama'a, kamar yanayin da mutum yake ciki, damuwar da suke ciki (watau wariyar launin fata) da kuma kulawar da suke iya karba. Ba a tattauna tasirin tsere a kan kiwon lafiya da samun damar kiwon lafiya a raye ba tare da nazarin su ba a cikin ƙungiyar likitocin, wanda ke haifar da likitoci suyi nazarin baƙar fata, da lafiyar su, a matsayin babbar ƙungiya maimakon ɗaiɗaikun mutane ko kuma mayar da hankali ga al'umma.
  3. Ba za a iya amincewa da baƙin marasa lafiya ba. Wannan ya faru ne saboda ra'ayoyi da kuma bayanan da aka yada ta hanyar likitocin. Dangane da binciken Wallace, likitocin kiwon lafiya sun yi imanin cewa Marassa lafiyar bakake ba gaskiya bane game da yanayin lafiyar su kuma suna can suna neman wani abu (watau magungunan likitanci).
  4. Labarin da ya gabata ya kuma ciyar da na huxu; cewa baƙar fata ya faɗi abin da ya faru da shi ko kuma ya sami haƙuri mai zafi. Wannan ya hada da yarda cewa Bakaken fata suna da kaurin fata, kuma jijiyoyin jikinsu basu da sauki sosai fiye da na fararen fata. Don ƙarfafa ra'ayoyi kamar wannan, nazarin bincike ya nuna cewa kashi 50% na ɗaliban likita 418 da aka yi ma tambaya sun yi imani da aƙalla almara ɗaya na launin fatar idan ya shafi kula da lafiya. Thsididdiga irin waɗannan suna haifar da shinge a cikin kiwon lafiya, kuma lokacin da ake tunani zuwa almara ta biyu, to abin fahimta ne yasa theungiyar Baƙin Blackasar na iya samun yanayin yanayin kiwon lafiya mafi girma.
  5. Aƙarshe, Marasa lafiyar Baki suna wurin ne kawai don magani. A tarihi, ana kallon marasa lafiyar baƙar fata a matsayin addican kamu, kuma ba za a iya magance ciwo mai kyau a cikin Marasa lafiyar Baki. Wannan ba kawai yana haifar da lafiyar manya bane amma yana farawa ne lokacin da marasa lafiya yara ne. A wani binciken da aka yi game da yara kimanin miliyan daya masu cutar hanji a Amurka, masu bincike sun gano cewa, idan aka kwatanta da yara farare, childrenananan yara ba za su iya karɓar magungunan ciwo don matsakaici da mai tsanani ba.2 Bugu da ƙari, komawa zuwa labari na biyu, wannan yana nuni ne ga masu ƙayyade zamantakewar kiwon lafiya (watau damar samun kulawa mai dacewa) wanda ke tasiri tasirin doguwar haƙuri da doguwar haƙuri ga tsarin.

Yanzu, shiga cikin duniya na COVID-19 da allurar rigakafin, akwai jinkiri mai yawa game da amincewa da gwamnati kuma mafi mahimmanci, amincewa da tsarin kiwon lafiya don samar da kulawa mai kyau. Wannan ba wai kawai ya samo asali ba ne daga mummunar cutar da baƙar fata da aka yi a cikin tsarin kiwon lafiya, amma har ma daga kulawar da al'ummomin Baƙar fata ke samu daga duk tsarin a Amurka. Mun ga bidiyon da alama suna nuna rashin tausayin 'yan sanda, mun koyi game da shari'oin da ke nuna rashin adalci a tsarin shari'ar kasarmu, kuma mun gani ta hanyar tawayen da aka yi kwanan nan a babban birnin kasarmu lokacin da ake kalubalantar tsarin mulki. Idan aka kalli dokokin baya-bayan nan, manufofi, da tashin hankali da yadda kafofin watsa labarai ke ba da rahoton waɗannan batutuwa, ana iya ganin dalilin da ya sa mutane masu launi da al'ummominsu ba sa son yin imani da tsarin kula da lafiya.

To me ya kamata mu yi? Ta yaya zamu sami ƙarin Baƙar fata da mutane masu launi don amincewa da tsarin kiwon lafiya kuma mu shawo kan shakku mai ma'ana? Duk da yake akwai matakai da yawa don haɓaka amintarwa da gaske, babban mataki shine ƙara wakilci a tsarin kula da lafiya. Wakilci na iya kuma rinjayi amana. Wani bincike ya nuna cewa daga wani rukuni na Maza Bakwai 1,300 da aka basu gwajin lafiya, wadanda suka ga Likita Bakar Fata suna da kaso 56% na iya kamuwa da cutar mura, 47% sun fi yarda da binciken ciwon suga, kuma kashi 72% mafi kusantar yarda da gwajin cholesterol.5 Idan wannan ya nuna komai, to shine lokacin da zaku iya ganin kanku a cikin wani, yana yin babbar tasiri akan kasancewa cikin kwanciyar hankali. Tare da wakilcin launin fata, muna kuma buƙatar ƙarin ilimi game da daidaiton kiwon lafiya da samar da daidaito ga likitoci. Ta wadannan sauye-sauyen tunani ga tsarin kula da lafiyar mu, za a iya gina wannan amanar, amma zai dauki lokaci da aiki da yawa.

Don haka, a matsayina na Bakar mace, zan yi rigakafin? Amsar ita ce kawai a a kuma ga abin da ya sa - Ina jin shi ne daidai a gare ni in yi don kare kaina, ƙaunatattuna, da jama'ata. Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka (CDC) sun gano cewa idan aka kwatanta da fararen fata, baƙar fata suna da sau 1.4 da yiwuwar kamuwa da COVID-19, sau 3.7 da alama za a iya kwanciya asibiti, kuma sau 2.8 na iya mutuwa daga CUTAR COVID19.1 Don haka, yayin da samun alurar riga kafi na iya zama ba a sani ba kuma mai ban tsoro, gaskiyar COVID-19 suma abin ban tsoro ne. Idan kun sami kanku kuna tambaya idan kuna son yin rigakafin, kuyi bincike, yi magana da da'irar ku, kuyi tambayoyi. Hakanan zaka iya bincika Yanar gizo na CDC, inda suke amsa tatsuniyoyi da hujjojin rigakafin COVID-19.

 

References

  1. Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka, CDC. (Feb 12, 2021). Asibitoci da mutuwa ta launin fata / kabilanci. An dawo daga https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/investigations-discovery/hospitalization-death-by-race-ethnicity.html
  2. Wallace, A. (Sep 30,2020). Race da Magani: myarfafawa na 5 masu haɗari na likita waɗanda suka cutar da baƙar fata. An dawo daga https://www.healthline.com/health/dangerous-medical-myths-that-hurt-black-people#Myth-3:-Black-patients-cannot-be-trusted
  3. Nix, E. (Disamba 15, 2020). Gwajin Tuskegee: Nazarin ɓatanci na syphilis. An dawo daga https://www.history.com/news/the-infamous-40-year-tuskegee-study
  4. (Satumba 1, 2020). Rashin Henrietta: Dole ne ilimin kimiyya ya gyara kuskuren tarihi https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02494-z
  5. Torres, N. (Aug 10, 2018) Bincike: Samun likitan baƙin fata ya jagoranci maza don karɓar kulawa mafi inganci. An dawo daga https://hbr.org/2018/08/research-having-a-black-doctor-led-black-men-to-receive-more-effective-care