Inda kake Rayuwa
a na karshe blog post Na ambata rukuni biyar na Masu Tabbatar da Lafiyar Jama'a (SDoH) waɗanda aka gano ta Lafiya mutane 2030. Su ne: 1) unguwannin mu da muhallin da aka gina, 2) lafiya da kula da lafiya, 3) mahallin zamantakewa da na al'umma, 4) ilimi, da 5) kwanciyar hankali na tattalin arziki.1 A yau ina so in yi magana ne game da unguwanninmu da wuraren da muka gina, da kuma tasirinsu - na kwarai da marasa kyau - za su iya haifar da sakamakon lafiyarmu.1
A cewar Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka (CDC), ginannen yanayi ya hada da “dukkan sassan jikin da muke rayuwa da aiki.” Wannan ya haɗa da abubuwa kamar gidaje, hanyoyi, wuraren shakatawa da sauran wuraren buɗe ido (ko rashin su), da abubuwan more rayuwa.2 Yi tunani game da inda kuke zaune a yanzu - shin maƙwabtanku suna da hanyoyi da hanyoyi ko hanyar keke? Akwai wurin shakatawa ko filin wasa kusa da nan? Shin iska sau da yawa na gurɓacewa saboda aikin kusa? Yaya kusancin ku yake da babbar hanya, ko kuma kantin sayar da abinci? Yaya nisan da za ku tuƙa don tafiya?
Inda kake zaune, da abin da ke kewaye da kai, yana da damuwa. A tarihi, kungiyoyin 'yan tsiraru sun fi zama a cikin unguwannin marasa galihu sakamakon "wariyar launin fata na tarihi a cikin ayyukan gidaje" kuma sun sha wahala a kansa.3,4 A cewar Gidauniyar Robert Wood Johnson, "bambance-bambancen makwabta na iya haifar da kuma karfafa zamantakewar al'umma da ke taimakawa ga rashin daidaiton kiwon lafiya tare da tattalin arziki, kabilanci ko layin kabilanci, an ba su damar da ba daidai ba ga albarkatu da kuma nuna yanayin da ke da illa ga lafiya.4
Misali, Elyria Swansea, ɗayan ɗayan tsofaffin unguwannin Denver waɗanda ke cikin wani ɓangare na ƙwararrun masana'antu na garin; wasu suna ɗaukar su a ɗayan ɗayan ƙa'idodin zip zip na ƙasar. Dangane da nazarin 2017 na ATTOM Data Solutions, lambar zip na 80216 ta kasance mafi girma a cikin "10 mafi girman jimillar Haɗarin Haɗarin Haɗarin Muhalli."5 Gida ne na Tsibirin Purina Dog Chow, Matatar Mai ta Suncor, wasu wurare biyu da suka fi karfin kudi, da kuma aikin fadada I-70 da ake kan gudanarwa a halin yanzu, dukkansu suna ba da gudummawa ga mummunan yanayin rayuwa a yankin.6,7
A 2014 Tasirin Tasirin Lafiya ya gano cewa manyan matsalolin kiwon lafiya guda biyar da suka shafi mazaunan Elyria Swansea sun kasance: ingancin muhalli, haɗin kai da motsi, samun kayayyaki da aiyuka, amincin al'umma, da lafiyar hankali.8 Hakanan ya gano cewa mazauna, wadanda galibinsu 'yan Hispaniya ne, "suna fama da wasu daga cikin mafi girman cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin zuciya, ciwon sukari, kiba da asma a cikin Garin."7 A Elyria Swansea, yawan asibitocin asma ya kai 1,113.12 cikin mutane 100,000.9 Yanzu kwatanta wannan zuwa ga mahalli mai wadata da mafi kyawu kamar Washington Park West, wanda manyan hanyoyi, gine-ginen yau da kullun, da gurɓataccen muhalli ke shafar mazaunan ta. Adadin asibitocin asma a wannan yanki na Denver bai kai kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na adadin a cikin Elyria Swansea ba; bambanci yana da ban tsoro.9
Abubuwa da yawa suna amfani da lafiyarmu gabaɗaya, kuma inda muke zaune babban abu ne. Kasancewa da wannan ilimin yana da mahimmanci don aiwatar da niyya da tasiri tsoma baki da kuma tabbatar da cewa mambobinmu sun sami madaidaicin albarkatu da tallafi.
References
1. Game da Lafiyayyun Mutane 2030 - Masu Lafiya 2030 | lafiya.gov
2. https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/publications/factsheets/impactofthebuiltenvironmentonhealth.pdf
5. https://www.attomdata.com/news/risk/2017-environmental-hazard-housing-risk-index/
6. https://www.coloradoindependent.com/2019/08/09/elyria-swansea-i-70-construction-health-impacts/
7. https://www.denverpost.com/2019/06/30/asthma-elyria-swansea-i-70-project/
9. https://www.pressmask.com/2019/06/30/asthma-in-denver-search-rates-by-neighborhood/