Tiv thaiv, tos… dab tsi?
Ntau tus ntawm peb tau hnov peb cov niam txiv (los yog niam tais yawm txiv) hais tias, "Ib qho kev tiv thaiv muaj nqis ib phaus kho." Thawj qhov kev tsocai los ntawm Benjamin Franklin thaum hais qhia txog hluav taws kub-hnyav Philadelphia hauv xyoo 1730.
Nws tseem siv tau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum saib xyuas peb txoj kev noj qab haus huv.
Ntau tus tau tsis meej pem txog qhov kev tiv thaiv kev saib xyuas yog dab tsi thaum nws los txog rau kev kho mob. Peb zoo li nkag siab tias tej yam xws li taug kev mus tas li lossis txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib feem ntawm kev tiv thaiv, tab sis qhov tseeb yog, muaj ntau ntxiv.
Kev tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv yog yam koj ua kom noj qab haus huv ua ntej koj mob. Yog li vim li cas koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob thaum koj noj qab nyob zoo? Kev tiv thaiv kev saib xyuas tuaj yeem pab koj noj qab haus huv, txhim kho koj lub neej zoo, thiab txo koj cov nqi kho mob.
Raws li xyoo 2015, tsuas yog yim feem pua ntawm Asmeskas cov neeg laus hnub nyoog 35 xyoos thiab laus dua tau txais tag nrho cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, cov kev pabcuam kho mob uas tsim nyog tau pom zoo rau lawv. Tsib feem pua ntawm cov neeg laus tsis tau txais kev pabcuam li no. Peb xav tias qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsawg dua thiab feem ntau yuav muaj qhov sib txawv hauv kev nkag los yog kev siv.
Rau 12 lub hlis hla xyoo 2022 thiab 2023, yuav luag ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov poj niam Asmeskas tau hla kev tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv (piv txwv li, kuaj xyuas txhua xyoo, tshuaj tiv thaiv, lossis kev kuaj pom zoo lossis kev kho mob), feem ntau yog vim lawv tsis tuaj yeem them tus nqi tawm ntawm lub hnab ris thiab muaj teeb meem mus teem caij.
Thaum nug, rau ntau tus poj niam no, cov nqi tawm ntawm hnab tshos siab thiab nyuaj rau kev teem sijhawm yog ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj ua rau tsis muaj kev pabcuam.
Dab tsi yog qhov kev saib xyuas tiv thaiv?
Koj qhov kev kuaj xyuas txhua xyoo - Qhov no tuaj yeem suav nrog kev kuaj lub cev thiab kev kuaj xyuas kev noj qab haus huv tseem ceeb rau tej yam xws li ntshav siab, roj cholesterol, thiab lwm yam mob. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, kev saib xyuas kev tiv thaiv suav nrog kev nrhiav thiab tswj cov xwm txheej ua ntej lawv hnyav dua.
Kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav - Ntau cov qog nqaij hlav, hmoov tsis tsis yog tag nrho, yog tias pom ntxov, tuaj yeem kho tau yooj yim thiab, vim li ntawd, muaj tus nqi kho mob siab. Cov neeg feem coob tsis pom cov tsos mob qog noj ntshav thaum ntxov, feem ntau kho tau. Tias yog vim li cas kev tshuaj xyuas raug pom zoo nyob rau qee lub sijhawm thiab ib ntus thoob plaws hauv koj lub neej. Piv txwv li, nws raug pom zoo tias ob tus txiv neej thiab poj niam pib kuaj mob qog noj ntshav pib thaum muaj hnub nyoog 45 xyoos, rau qee tus, txawm tias ntxov dua. Lwm yam kev tiv thaiv rau cov poj niam muaj xws li Pap tests thiab mammograms, nyob ntawm seb muaj hnub nyoog thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Yog tias koj yog txiv neej, koj tuaj yeem tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas prostate.
Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv menyuam yaus - Kev txhaj tshuaj rau cov menyuam yaus suav nrog polio (IPV), DTaP, HIB, HPV, kab mob siab A thiab B, kab mob qhua pias, qhua pias thiab MMR (mob qog thiab rubella), COVID-19, thiab lwm yam.
Kev txhaj tshuaj rau cov neeg laus - suav nrog Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, thiab pertussis) txhawb nqa thiab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pneumococcal, shingles, thiab COVID-19.
txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas txhua xyoo - Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas tuaj yeem pab txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo kis mob khaub thuas txog li 60%. Yog tias koj kis tau tus mob khaub thuas, kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas tuaj yeem txo tau cov tsos mob khaub thuas hnyav heev uas tuaj yeem ua rau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob. Cov neeg uas muaj qee yam mob ntev, xws li mob hawb pob, tshwj xeeb yog mob khaub thuas.
US Cov Kev Pabcuam Tiv Thaiv Kev Ua Haujlwm (USPSTF lossis Task Force) ua pov thawj cov lus pom zoo txog cov kev pabcuam tiv thaiv xws li kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, kev cob qhia tus cwj pwm, thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv. Task Force cov lus pom zoo yog tsim rau cov kws kho mob thawj zaug los ntawm cov kws kho mob thawj zaug.
Zoo dua kho tib neeg ua ntej lawv mob (er)
Yog lawm, muaj kev kho mob tiv thaiv kev kho mob rau ntau yam kab mob ntev; cov no suav nrog kev cuam tshuam ua ntej tus kab mob tshwm sim (hu ua kev tiv thaiv thawj), nrhiav thiab kho kab mob thaum ntxov (kev tiv thaiv theem nrab), thiab tswj kab mob kom qeeb lossis ua kom tsis txhob mob hnyav (kev tiv thaiv qib thib ob). Cov kev cuam tshuam no siv rau kev coj tus cwj pwm kev noj qab haus huv, xws li kev ntxhov siab lossis kev nyuaj siab, nrog rau lwm yam mob ntawm lub cev. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum ua ke nrog kev hloov hauv kev ua neej, nws tuaj yeem txo cov kab mob ntev thiab kev tsis taus thiab kev tuag cuam tshuam nrog nws. Txawm li cas los xij, peb tau pom hauv kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv uas cov kev pabcuam no tau siv tsis zoo txawm tias tib neeg thiab nyiaj txiag lub nra ntawm cov kab mob ntev.
Peb tsis to taub tag nrho cov underutilization ntawm kev pab tiv thaiv. Peb, uas yog cov neeg muab kev pabcuam, kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ceev nrawm ntawm kev saib xyuas ib hnub. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov kev pabcuam pom zoo yuav tsum muaj sijhawm ntau los npaj thiab xa. Qhov no kuj yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis txaus nyob thoob plaws lub tebchaws hauv cov neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas thawj zaug.
Kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev raug mob yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho Asmeskas kev noj qab haus huv. Thaum peb nqis peev rau kev tiv thaiv, cov txiaj ntsig tau sib qhia dav. Cov menyuam yaus loj hlob hauv ib puag ncig uas txhawb nqa lawv txoj kev loj hlob zoo, thiab tib neeg muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab noj qab nyob zoo sab hauv thiab sab nraum chaw ua haujlwm.
Thaum kawg
Kev tiv thaiv kab mob xav tau ntau dua li cov ntaub ntawv los txiav txim siab noj qab haus huv. Kev paub yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis cov zej zog yuav tsum txhawb nqa thiab txhawb kev noj qab haus huv hauv lwm txoj hauv kev, piv txwv li, los ntawm kev xaiv noj qab haus huv yooj yim thiab pheej yig. Peb yuav ua tiav hauv kev tsim kom muaj kev noj qab nyob zoo hauv zej zog thaum "huab cua thiab dej huv thiab nyab xeeb; thaum vaj tse muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab pheej yig; thaum kev thauj mus los thiab kev tsim kho hauv zej zog muab lub sijhawm rau cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb; thaum cov tsev kawm ntawv pab cov menyuam noj qab nyob zoo thiab muab kev kawm lub cev zoo; thiab thaum cov lag luam muab kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb ua haujlwm thiab nkag mus rau cov kev pabcuam kev noj qab haus huv. " Txhua qhov chaw pab txhawb kev noj qab haus huv, suav nrog vaj tse, kev thauj mus los, kev kawm, thiab kev saib xyuas kab lis kev cai.
Khaws Tau Txais Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Kho Mob uas koj xav tau
Nco ntsoov khaws koj daim ntawv kho mob txuas ntxiv kom koj thiaj li tau txais kev tiv thaiv koj xav tau. Thaum koj tau txais koj daim ntawv them nqi kho mob Medicaid hauv kev xa ntawv, sau nws thiab xa rov qab raws sijhawm, thiab nco ntsoov xyuas koj cov ntawv xa tuaj, email, thiab PEB mailbox thiab ua kev nqis tes ua thaum koj tau txais cov lus tseem ceeb. Kawm ntxiv no.
aafp.org/news/health-of-the-public/ipsos-women-preventive-care.html
healthpartners.com/blog/preventive-care-101-what-why-and-how-much/
cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0625.htm
hhs.gov/sites/default/files/disease-prev
uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/about-uspstf/task-force-at-a-glance