Ukuhlonipha UbuJuda Bami
Umhla zingama-27 kuMasingana minyaka yonke wuSuku Lomhlaba Wonke Lokukhumbula UkuQothulwa Kwesizwe, lapho umhlaba ukhumbula izisulu: amaJuda angaphezu kwezigidi eziyisithupha kanye nezigidi zabanye. Ngokwe-Holocaust Memorial Museum yase-United States, ukuQothulwa Kwesizwe kwaku “ukushushiswa okuhleliwe, okuxhaswe nguhulumeni kanye nokubulawa kwamaJuda aseYurophu ayizigidi eziyisithupha ngumbuso wamaNazi waseJalimane kanye nabalingani kanye nabahlanganyeli.” Umnyuziyamu uchaza umugqa wesikhathi wokuQothulwa Kwesizwe njengo-1933 kuya ku-1945, oqala lapho iqembu lamaNazi liqala ukubusa eJalimane, futhi waphela lapho ama-Allies enqoba iJalimane lamaNazi eMpini Yezwe II. Igama lesiHeberu elisho inhlekelele lithi sho'ah (שׁוֹאָה) futhi leli livame ukusetshenziswa njenge elinye igama lokuQothulwa Kwesizwe (uShoah).
UkuQothulwa Kwesizwe akuzange kuqale ngokuqothulwa kohlanga; kwaqala ngokuphikisana namaJuda, kuhlanganise nokukhishwa kwamaJuda emphakathini waseJalimane, imithetho yobandlululo, nobudlova obuhlosiwe. Akuzange kuthathe isikhathi eside ukuthi lezi zinyathelo zokulwa namaJuda zidlulele ekubulaweni kohlanga. Ngeshwa, nakuba ukuQothulwa Kwesizwe kwenzeka kudala, ukungakholelwa kwamaJuda kusadlangile emhlabeni wethu wamanje, futhi kuzwakala sengathi kade kwenzeka. ekuphumeni ngesikhathi sokuphila kwami: osaziwayo bayaphika ukuthi ukuQothulwa Kwesizwe akuzange kwenzeke, kwaba nokuhlasela okwesabekayo kwesinagoge lasePittsburgh ngo-2018, futhi kube nokucekelwa phansi kwezikole zamaJuda, izikhungo zomphakathi, nezindawo zokukhulekela.
Umsebenzi wami wokuqala ngiphuma ekolishi kwaba ukuxhumana namaphrojekthi akhethekile umxhumanisi we Cornell Hillel, igatsha le UHillel, inhlangano yamazwe ngamazwe yempilo yabafundi basekolishi lamaJuda. Ngifunde okuningi ngezokuxhumana, ukumaketha, nokuhlela imicimbi kulo msebenzi, ngaze ngathola nokuhlangana nabantu abangamaJuda abadumile, okuhlanganisa nomdlali wokuzivocavoca wama-Olympic u-Aly Raisman, umlingisi uJosh Peck, intatheli kanye nombhali u-Irin Carmon, kanye nentandokazi yami, umlingisi. Josh Radnor. Ngaphinde ngabuka ukubukiswa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwefilimu enamandla “Ukuphika,” okuthathwe endabeni yeqiniso kaprofesa uDeborah Lipstadt okufanele afakazele ukuthi ukuQothulwa Kwesizwe kwenzeka ngempela.
Ngeshwa, nathi saba nabamukeli bokungavumelani namaJuda. Besihlala siphethe iHolide lethu Eliphezulu (URosh Hashanah futhi I-Yom Kippur - amaholide amabili amakhulu onyaka wamaJuda) izinkonzo ezindaweni eziningi kuyo yonke ikhempasi, futhi ngonyaka wami wesibili, othile wanquma ukupenda i-swastika esakhiweni sezinyunyana zabafundi lapho azi ukuthi izinkonzo zethu zazizoba khona ngalobo busuku. Nakuba kungekho okunye okwenzekile, lesi kwakuyisigameko esishaqisayo nesibucayi, futhi sangethusa kimina. Ngakhula ngifunda ngokuQothulwa Kwesizwe kanye ne-antisemitism ngokuvamile, kodwa ngangingakaze ngizizwele into enjengalena mathupha.
Ngakhulela eWestchester County eNew York, cishe ihora enyakatho yeManhattan, okusho ukuthi, ngokusho kombiko I-Westchester Jewish Council, yiyona isifunda sabaJuda ngobukhulu e-United States, enamaJuda angu-150,000 60, amasinagoge angaba ngu-80, nezinhlangano zamaJuda ezingaphezu kuka-13. Ngafunda esikoleni samaHeberu, ngenza iBat Mitzvah ngineminyaka engu-XNUMX, futhi ngaba nabangane abaningi ababengamaJuda. Ekolishi, ngaya IBinghamton University eNew York, cishe AmaJuda angama-30%.. Azikho kulezi zibalo ezamangaza ngempela, ngoba kusukela ngo-2022, I-8.8% yesifunda saseNew York yayingamaJuda.
Lapho ngithuthela eColorado ngo-2018, ngathola ukushaqeka okukhulu kwamasiko futhi ngamangala inani elincane lamaJuda. Kusukela ngo-2022, kuphela I-1.7% yombuso yayingamaJuda. Njengoba ngihlala endaweni kamasipala waseDenver, ekhaya AmaJuda angama-90,800 kusukela ngo-2019, akhona amasinagoge azungezile futhi izitolo zegrosa zisathambekele ekuthengeni izinto ezijwayelekile ze-kosher nezinto zamaholide, kodwa kusazwakala kuhlukile. Angikahlangani nabanye abantu abangamaJuda abaningi futhi angikalitholi isinagoge elizizwa lingifanele, ngakho-ke kukimi ukuthola ukuthi ngingaba kanjani umJuda ngendlela yami.
Ayikho indlela elungile noma engalungile yokukhomba njengomJuda. Angigcini i-kosher, angigcini iShabbat, futhi ngokuvamile angikwazi ukuzila ukudla ngokomzimba nge-Yom Kippur, kodwa ngisengumJuda futhi ngiyaziqhenya ngayo. Lapho ngisemncane, kwakumayelana nokuchitha amaholide nomndeni wami: ukudla ama-apula noju kwa-anti wami ku-Rosh Hashanah (unyaka omusha wamaJuda); ukuhlupheka ngokuzila ukudla ndawonye eYom Kippur nokubala amahora ehle kuze kube kushona ilanga ukuze sidle; umndeni ojikelezayo uvela ezweni lonke ukuze ube ndawonye IPhasika seders (iholide lami siqu engilithandayo); kanye nokukhanyisa I-Hanukkah amakhandlela nabazali bami, omalumekazi, omalume nabazala bami uma kungenzeka.
Manje njengoba sengikhulile futhi angisahlali phakathi nesikhathi esifushane somndeni, amaholide esiwathola ndawonye aya ngokuya encipha. Ngigubha amaholide ngendlela ehlukile lapho singekho ndawonye, futhi phakathi neminyaka ngiye ngafunda ukuthi lokho kulungile. Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kusho ukusingathwa a Iphasika seder noma ukwenza ama-latkes kubangani bami abangewona amaJuda (kanye nokubafundisa ukuthi ukubhanqa okuphelele kwe-latke kokubili ama-appleauce futhi ukhilimu omuncu), ngezinye izikhathi kusho ukudla i-bagel ne-lox brunch ngezimpelasonto, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kusho i-FaceTiming nomndeni wami eNew York ukukhanyisa amakhandlela e-Hanukkah. Ngiyaziqhenya ngokuba umJuda futhi ngiyabonga ngokuthi ngingahlonipha ubuJuda bami ngendlela yami!
Izindlela Zokugubha Usuku Lomhlaba Wonke Lwesikhumbuzo SokuQothulwa Kwesizwe
- Vakashela i-Holocaust museum mathupha noma ku-inthanethi.
- I-Mizel Museum e-Denver ivulwa ngokuqokwa kuphela, kodwa ungafunda okuningi kubo iwebhusayithi ngisho noma ungakwazi ukuvakashela imnyuziyamu.
- I-United States Holocaust Memorial Museum inokuvakasha okubonakalayo kwezemfundo kuyo iwebhusayithi.
- I-Yad Vashem, Isikhungo Senkumbulo YokuQothulwa Kwesizwe, esitholakala kwa-Israel, siphinde sibe nohambo olubonakalayo lwezemfundo YouTube.
- Nikela kumnyuziyamu weHolocaust noma osindile.
- Ikhadi Eliluhlaza iyinhlangano esiza abantulayo enikeza usizo lwezimali kwabasinde ekuQothulweni Kwesizwe.
- I-Jewish Federations yaseNyakatho Melika ukusiza ~80,000 abasinde ekuQothulweni Kwesizwe abahlala e-United States.
- Sesha amalungu omndeni. Uma ufuna ukuthola amalungu omndeni alahlekile ekuQothulweni Kwesizwe okungenzeka ukuthi asaphila nanamuhla, vakashela:
- Funda kabanzi mayelana no Judaism.