Inyanga Yokuqwashisa Kuzwelonke

U-Agasti yinyanga Kazwelonke Yokuqwashisa Ngokugoma (i-NIAM) futhi yisikhathi esihle sokubheka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi sonke sisesikhathini ngemithi yethu yokugoma. Iningi labantu licabanga ngokugonywa njengento yabantwana abancane noma intsha, kepha iqiniso ukuthi abantu abadala badinga ukugonywa futhi. Ukugonywa kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela ezifweni eziqeda amandla nezibulalayo ezisekhona endaweni yethu namuhla. Kulula kakhulu ukufinyelela kuzo futhi kunezindlela eziningi zokuthola imigomo ngamanani aphansi, noma ngaphandle kwezindleko ezivela kubahlinzeki abaningi emphakathini. Imishanguzo ihlolwa kanzima futhi ibhekwe ngeso lokhozi, ibenze baphephe ngokweqile ngemiphumela emibi nje embalwa ehlala amahora ambalwa kuphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kunemithombo eminingi yokwaziswa ehlonishwayo, ebuyekezwe ngokwesayensi ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngokugoma kanye nendima ebalulekile abayidlalayo ekugcineni wena, umndeni wakho, omakhelwane bakho, nomphakathi wakho niphephile futhi niphilile. Njengoba ngikhuluma ngezifo ezithile ezingezansi, ngizoxhumanisa ngasinye neCenters for Disease Control and Prevention's Izitatimende Zemininingwane Yokugoma.

Ukuthola imigomo yakho yokugoma kungenzeka kungabi yinto yokuqala ocabanga ngayo lapho ulungiselela ukubuyela esikoleni. Kepha ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi uvikelekile ezifweni ezivamile ezisakazeka ezixukwini ezinkulu kufanele kubaluleke kangako njengokuthola leso sikhwama esisha, incwajana yokubhalela, ithebhulethi, noma i-sanitizer yezandla. Esikhathini esiningi ngizwa abantu bekhuluma ngokungadingi ukugonywa kwesifo esingasadlangile noma esivamile lapho behlala noma abafunda khona esikoleni. Kodwa-ke, lezi zifo zisekhona ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba futhi zingathuthwa kalula ngumuntu ongagonyiwe ohambe ehlobo kwenye yezindawo.

Kube nokuqubuka okukhulu kwesimungumungwane engisize ekuphenyweni njengomphenyi ongumhlengikazi nezifo eTri-County Health Department ngonyaka ka-2015. Ukuqubuka kwaqala ngohambo lomndeni oluya eDisneyland yaseCalifornia. Ngoba iDisneyland iyindawo yamaholide yabantu abaningi e-United States (US), imindeni eminingana ene izingane ezingagonyiwe nabantu abadala sibuye nesifo, kwaba nomthelela kwesinye seziqubulo ezinkulu kunazo zonke emasimini ase-US. Imasisi yigciwane lesandulela ngculaza elithe xaxa elisinda emoyeni amahora amaningi futhi ingavinjelwa ngemigomo emibili yemungumungwane, imvukuzane, ne-rubella (MMR) ehlala impilo yakho yonke. Kuneminye imigomo eminingi abantu abasha okudingeka bayithole ukuze bazivikele kanye nabanye ekungenweni yilezi zifo. I-CDC inethebula elilula ukulandela lapho kunconywa imigomo nokuthi ikuphi ubudala.

Imigomo akuyona eyezingane kuphela. Yebo, izingane zivame ukuthola imigomo lapho zihlolwa minyaka yonke nomhlinzeki wazo wezokunakekelwa kwempilo futhi njengoba ukhula, uthola ukugonywa okuncane, kepha awufinyeleli eminyakeni lapho usuqedelwe ngokuphelele ukugonywa. Abantu abadala basadinga ukuthola i- i-tetanus ne-diphtheria (Td or I-Tdap, enesivikelo se-pertussis, ukugonywa bonke-in-one) njalo eminyakeni eyi-10 ubuncane, thola i- ukugonywa kwamasongo ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50, no-a i-pneumococcal (cabanga i-pneumonia, izifo zesono nezindlebe, ne-meningitis) ukugonywa eneminyaka engama-65, noma ngaphansi uma benesimo esingelapheki njengesifo senhliziyo, umdlavuza, isifo sikashukela, noma igciwane lengculazi lomzimba (i-HIV). Abantu abadala, njengezingane, kufanele bathole unyaka nonyaka ukugoma umkhuhlane ukuvimbela ukuthola umkhuhlane nokuphuthelwa isonto lonke esikoleni noma emsebenzini, futhi mhlawumbe sibe nezinkinga ezisongela impilo kulesi sifo.

Ukukhetha ukungagomi ukukhetha ukuthola lesi sifo futhi kususa ukukhetha ukuthola lesi sifo kumuntu okungenzeka angakwazi ukuzikhethela. Kuningi okufanele ukhiphe kulesi sitatimende. Engiqonde ukukusho ngalokhu ukuthi sonke siyabona ukuthi kunabantu abathile abangakwazi ukugonywa ngemigomo ethile yokugoma ngoba basebancane kakhulu ukuthi bathole ukugoma, bayazwela ekugomeni, noma banesimo sempilo njengamanje kubavimbela ekutholeni ukugoma. Laba bantu abanayo inketho. Ngeke nje bagonywe.

Lokhu kwehluke kakhulu kunomuntu ONGAGONYWA kepha akhethe ukungazithandi ngenxa yezizathu zomuntu siqu noma zefilosofi. Laba ngabantu abaphilile abangenakho ukungezwani nezinto ezithile noma isimo sempilo esivimbela ukuthi bagonywe. Siyazi ukuthi womabili amaqoqo abantu angabanjwa yisifo abangagomelwanga sona, nokuthi inani eliphakeme labantu abangagonyiwe emphakathini noma kubantu, lithuba elingcono kakhulu lokuthi isifo sibe nokusungula, futhi sisabalale phakathi kwabantu ezingagonyiwe.

Lokhu kusibuyisela emuva kubantu abaphilile abangakwazi ukugonywa, kodwa bakhethe ukungakwenzi, ukuthatha isinqumo hhayi nje kuphela sokuzibeka engcupheni yesifo, kodwa futhi nokuthatha isinqumo sokubeka abanye abantu abangenakho ukukhetha ukuthi bagonywe ingozi yesifo. Isibonelo, umuntu ongafuni ukugonyelwa umkhuhlane unyaka nonyaka ukukhuluma ngokomzimba nangokwezokwelapha angagonywa, kepha bakhetha ukungakwenzi ngoba “abafuni ukudutshulwa minyaka yonke” noma “abacabangi ukuthola umkhuhlane kubi kangako. ” Manje ake sithi ngokuhamba konyaka lapho umkhuhlane ubhebhetheka khona, lo muntu okhethe ukungagonywa ubamba lo mkhuhlane kodwa akazi ukuthi yiwo lo mkhuhlane futhi ubewusabalalisa kwabanye abantu emphakathini. Kwenzekani uma lo muntu onomkhuhlane engumnakekeli wezinsana nezingane ezincane? Manje bazikhethele ukuzibambela igciwane lomkhuhlane, base bekhetha ukulibamba balisakaze nasezinganeni ezisencane ezingakwazi ukugoma ngokugoma umkhuhlane ngoba zisencane kakhulu. Lokhu kusiholela kumqondo obizwa ngokuthi yi-herd immune.

Ukungavikeleki komhlambi (noma ngokunembile, ukuvikeleka komphakathi) kusho ukuthi inani elikhulu labantu (noma umhlambi, uma uthanda) ligonyelwe isifo esithile, ukuze lesi sifo singabi nethuba elihle lokubamba umuntu ongagonyiwe futhi isakazeka ngaphakathi kwalesosibalo. Ngoba isifo ngasinye sihlukile futhi sinamakhono ahlukahlukene okudlulisa futhi aphile emvelweni, kunamazinga ehlukene wokuzivikela emhlambini wesifo ngasinye sokugoma esivinjelwe. Isibonelo, isimungumungwane sinesifo esithathelwanayo, futhi ngoba singaphila isikhathi esingafinyelela emahoreni amabili emoyeni, futhi kudingeka inani elincane nje legciwane ukubanga ukutheleleka, umkhuhlane womhlambi wezimungumungwane udinga ukuba cishe ngama-95%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi u-95% wabantu udinga ukugonyelwa isimungumungwane ukuvikela abanye u-5% abangakwazi ukugonywa. Ngesifo esifana ne-polio, okunzima ukusibhebhethekisa, izinga lokuzivikela lomhlambi licishe libe ngama-80%, noma abantu abadinga ukugonywa ukuze abanye abangu-20% abangakwazi ukuthola umuthi wokugomela uvendle bavikeleke.

Uma sinesibalo esikhulu sabantu abangakwazi ukugonywa kodwa bakhethe ukungabi bikho, lokhu kudala inani elikhulu labantu abangagonyiwe kubantu, kwehlisa amasosha omzimba, okuvumela izifo ezinjengemungumungwane, umkhuhlane noma uvendle ukubamba nokusabalalisa kubantu abangakwazi ukugonywa ngokwezokwelapha, noma babebancane kakhulu ukuthi bangagonywa. Lawa maqembu nawo asengozini enkulu evela ezinkingeni noma ekufeni ngoba anezinye izimo zezempilo noma asemancane kakhulu ukuthi angalwa negciwane ngokwawo, adinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela. Abanye balaba bantu abalaliswe esibhedlela abalokothi basinde ekuthelelekeni. Lokhu kungavinjelwa konke. Laba bantu abasha, noma abantu abanenkinga yezokwelapha ekugonyweni bebengakugwema ukulala esibhedlela, noma kwezinye izimo ukufa, uma labo emphakathini wabo ababekhetha ukugonywa benza ukhetho lokugonywa. Njengamanje sibona ukuthambekela okufanayo ne- I-COVID-19 nabantu abakhetha ukungagonywa ngayo. Cishe i-99% yokufa kwamanje kwe-COVID-19 ikubantu abangagonyiwe.

Ngifuna ukugcina ngokukhuluma ngokutholakala kwemigomo kanye nokuphepha kwemigomo. Kulula ukufinyelela imishanguzo e-US. Sinenhlanhla: uma siyifuna, iningi lethu lingayithola. Uma unomshuwalense wezempilo, umhlinzeki wakho kungenzeka ukuthi uyabaphatha futhi angabaphatha, noma uzokuthumela cishe kunoma yiliphi ikhemisi ukuze uzithole. Uma unezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18, futhi zingenawo umshuwalense wezempilo, ungenza i-aphoyintimenti emnyangweni wezempilo wangakini noma emtholampilo womphakathi ukuze ugonywe, imvamisa kunanoma iyiphi imali yomnikelo ongayikhokhela. Kunjalo, uma unezingane ezintathu ezingenawo umshuwalense wezempilo futhi ngayinye idinga imishanguzo emihlanu, futhi une- $ 2.00 kuphela ongayinikela, le minyango yezempilo nabahlinzeki bazokwamukela i- $ 2.00 bese beyekela ezinye izindleko. Lokhu kungenxa yohlelo lukazwelonke olubiziwe Imigomo Yezingane.

Kungani sikwazi ukufinyelela kalula kangaka emithini yokugoma? Ngoba imithi yokugoma iyasebenza! Zivimbela ukugula, izinsuku zokugula, izinkinga zezifo, ukulaliswa esibhedlela nokufa. Imigomo ingenye yezivivinywa kakhulu futhi ihlolwe imithi emakethe namuhla. Cabanga ngakho, iyiphi inkampani efuna ukwenza umkhiqizo ozolimaza noma ubulale inani elikhulu labantu abasebenzisa umuthi? Akusilo isu elihle lokumaketha. Imithi yokugoma siyinikeza izinsana, izingane, intsha kanye nabantu abadala bayo yonke iminyaka, futhi kunemiphumela engemihle kakhulu embalwa abantu ababhekana nayo. Iningi labantu lingaba nengalo ebuhlungu, indawo encane ebomvu, noma umkhuhlane amahora ambalwa.

Imigomo ayihlukile kune-antibiotic umhlinzeki wakho angakunika yona ukuze uthole ukutheleleka. Kokubili imithi yokugoma nama-antibiotic kungadala ukusabela okweqile, futhi ngoba awukaze ube nakho phambilini, ngeke wazi uze uthathe umuthi. Kepha bangaki bethu ababuza, baphikisana, noma baphike ngisho nomuthi wokubulala amagciwane onikezwa ngumhlinzeki wethu, njengokuthi kwenzekani ngemithi yokugoma? Enye into enhle ngemithi yokugoma ukuthi iningi lingumthamo noma emibili kuphela futhi lingahlala impilo yonke. Noma esimweni sokuqina kwesifo sokuqina kwemisipha kanye ne-diphtheria, uyidinga njalo eminyakeni eyishumi. Ungasho yini ukuthi ubudinga kuphela i-antibiotic kanye njalo eminyakeni eyishumi ukuthola ukutheleleka? Cishe awukwazi. Iningi lethu linenqwaba yama-antibiotic ezinyangeni eziyi-10 ezedlule, kepha asikungabazi ukuphepha kwalawo ma-antibiotic, noma amanye ama-antibiotic angadala imiphumela emibi nokufa njengokumelana nama-antibiotic, ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo okungazelelwe, ukuqhuma kwethenda, noma ukulahlekelwa unomphela kokuzwa. Ubungakwazi lokho? Funda ukufakwa kwephakeji kwanoma imuphi umuthi owuthathayo manje, futhi ungamangala ngemiphumela emibi engayidala. Ngakho-ke ake siqale unyaka wesikole kahle, sihlale sihlakaniphile, sihlale siphilile, sigonywe.