Ukukhanya Okukhanyayo: Ukuqwashisa Ngesifo sikaParkinson
Njengoba ilanga lasekuseni lihluza emakhethini, kuqala olunye usuku. Nokho, kulabo abaphila nesifo sikaParkinson, imisebenzi elula kakhulu ingaba yinselele esabekayo, njengoba ukunyakaza ngakunye kudinga umzamo ohlangene nokuzimisela okungantengantengi. Ukuvuka emaqinisweni okuncipha kokuhamba kuyisikhumbuzo esidabukisayo sezimpi zansuku zonke ezizayo. Isenzo esake sazikhandla sokuvuka embhedeni manje sesenza kudingeke ukuba ubambelele ezintweni eziseduze ukuze uthole ukwesekwa, okuwubufakazi buthule besimo esiqhubekayo sesifo sikaParkinson.
Ngezandla ezinyakazayo kanye nebhalansi engaqinile, ngisho nesiko lasekuseni lokwenza ikhofi lishintsha libe umzamo omkhulu. Iphunga eliduduzayo lekhofi elisanda kwenziwa lisithwe ukukhungatheka kokuchitha uketshezi oluningi phezu kwekhawunta kunasenkomishini elindile. Ukuhlala phansi ukuze unambithe lokho kuphuza kokuqala, izinga lokushisa elisivivi liyehluleka ukwanelisa, okubangela ukubuyela ekhishini ukuyofudumeza ikhofi kuhhavini we-microwave. Isinyathelo ngasinye sizwakala njengomsebenzi onzima, kodwa isifiso somzuzwana wokufudumala nokunethezeka siqhubekela phambili, naphezu kwezithiyo. Ukulangazelela ukuphelezelwa okulula kwekhofi kuholela esinqumweni sokuthosa ucezu lwesinkwa. Okwake kwaba yisenzo esivamile manje sekubonakala njengochungechunge lwezinselelo, kusukela ekuzabalazeni ukufaka isinkwa ku-toaster kuya ekubambeni ngommese ukusakaza ibhotela ocekeni oluthosiwe. Ukunyakaza ngakunye kuhlola isineke nokubekezela, njengoba ukuzamazama kusongela ukucekela phansi ngisho nemisebenzi eyisisekelo.
Lesi siko sasekuseni siyinto evamile kubantu abaningi abanesifo sikaParkinson, njengomkhulu wami ongasekho, uCarl Siberski, owabhekana namaqiniso abuhlungu alesi simo. Iminyaka eminingi, wazulazula ezinseleleni ezazilethwa isifo sikaParkinson, esikhanyisela ngezinkinga zansuku zonke zalabo abathintwe yilesi simo esiyinkimbinkimbi sezinzwa. Naphezu kokusabalala kwaso, kusenokuntuleka kokuqonda mayelana nesifo sikaParkinson. Ukuhlonipha uhambo luka-Carl kanye nabanye abangenakubalwa abathintwe yi-Parkinson's disease, u-April uqokwe njengeNyanga Yokuqwashisa Ngesifo sika-Parkinson. Le nyanga ibalulekile njengoba kugujwa inyanga yokuzalwa kukaJames Parkinson, owaqala ukuhlonza izimpawu zesifo sikaParkinson eminyakeni engu-200 edlule.
Ukuqonda Isifo sikaParkinson
Ngakho, siyini ngempela isifo sikaParkinson? Isifo sikaParkinson yisifo sezinzwa esithinta kakhulu zonke izici zokuphila komuntu. Emgogodleni wayo, yisimo esiqhubekayo esibonakala ngokuwohloka kancane kancane kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa ebuchosheni, ikakhulukazi lawo anesibopho sokukhiqiza i-dopamine. Le neurotransmitter idlala indima ebalulekile ekusizeni ukunyakaza kwemisipha okubushelelezi, okuhlelekile. Kodwa-ke, njengoba amazinga e-dopamine ehla ngenxa yokonakala kwamangqamuzana noma ukufa, izimpawu zesifo sikaParkinson ziyathuthuka, kusukela ekundindizeleni, ukuqina, nokuphazamiseka kokulinganisela nokuxhumana.
Izimpawu ze-Parkinson's Disease
Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu futhi zingabonakala kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kuye ngomuntu ngamunye, kungaba inselele ukuhlukanisa ukuthi izimpawu zihlobene nesifo sikaParkinson noma ukuguga nje. Ku-Carl, ukulwa kwakhe nesifo sika-Parkinson kwabonakala eminyakeni yakhe yobudala, okwenza labo ababengajwayele ukumzungezile bacabange ukuthi kwakuwukungakwazi kwakhe ukuqhubeka nempilo. Nokho, kwabaningi, kuhlanganise nomkhaya wakhe, kwakudumaza ukubona izinga lakhe lokuphila liwohloka kancane kancane.
UCarl wanikela ingxenye enkulu yempilo yakhe ekuhambeni nasekuzivocavoceni. Lapho ethatha umhlalaphansi, waqala ohambweni oluhlukahlukene lwamazwe ngamazwe futhi waba umthandi oshisekayo wokuhamba ngomkhumbi, njengoba ejabulele ukuhamba ngomkhumbi cishe okungama-40 empilweni yakhe. Ngaphambi kokuhamba kwakhe, wachitha amashumi eminyaka efundisa ibanga lesine ngenkathi ekhulisa izingane eziyisithupha nomkakhe, uNorita. Edume ngokukhuthala, uCarl wabamba iqhaza emijahweni eminingi, egijima nsuku zonke, ebamba wonke amathuba okuqwala izintaba, enakekela ingadi enkulu kunazo zonke endaweni, futhi wenza imisebenzi yokuthuthukisa ikhaya ibonakale ingenamsebenzi. Njengoba aziwa ngokugibela ibhayisikili lakhe, kwadingeka ayeke kulowo msebenzi njengoba isifo sikaParkinson sasiqala ukuba nomthelela ekuhambeni kwakhe. Imisebenzi eyake yamlethela injabulo emsulwa—njengokwenza ingadi, ukudweba, ukuqwala izintaba, ukugijima nokudansa kwe-ballroom—yaba yizinkumbulo esikhundleni sokuba izinto zansuku zonke.
Naphezu kwempilo kaCarl enzima, isifo sikaParkinson asikhethi. Ngeshwa, ayelapheka noma avinjwe. Nakuba indlela yokuphila esebenzayo kaCarl yayiphawuleka, ayizange imenze akwazi ukuzivikela kulesi sifo. Isifo sikaParkinson singathinta noma ubani, kungakhathaliseki izinga lakhe lomsebenzi.
Ezinye izimpawu ezivamile zesifo sikaParkinson zihlanganisa:
- Ukuqhaqhazela: Ukuqhaqhazela ngokuzenzekelayo, ngokuvamile kuqala ezandleni noma eminweni.
- I-Bradykinesia: Ukunyakaza okunensa kanye nobunzima bokuqalisa ukunyakaza kokuzithandela.
- Ukuqina kwemisipha: Ukuqina emilenzeni noma esiqwini kungabangela ubuhlungu nokukhubazeka okuhambayo.
- Ukungazinzi kwe-Postural: Ubunzima bokugcina ibhalansi, okuholela ekuweni njalo.
- I-Bradyphrenia: Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo njengokulahlekelwa inkumbulo, ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, nokushintsha kwemizwa.
- Izinkinga zokukhuluma nokugwinya: Izinguquko emaphethini enkulumo nenkinga yokugwinya.
Ubunzima bokukhuluma nokugwinya kwakuyizimpawu eziyinselele kakhulu, ezithinta kakhulu uCarl. Ukudla, okungenye yezinto ezijabulisa kakhulu ekuphileni, kuba umthombo wokudabuka lapho umuntu engakwazi ukuzitika ngokugcwele. Ubunzima bokukhuluma nokugwinya bubeka izinselele empini yokulwa nesifo sikaParkinson, kudala izithiyo ekukhulumisaneni nokondliwa okufanele. U-Carl wahlala eqaphile futhi exoxa ngeminyaka yakhe yokugcina nokho wazama ukuveza imicabango yakhe. Ngosuku lwakhe lokugcina lokubonga, umkhaya wakithi wawuhlezi uzungeze itafula, futhi uCarl wayebheke ngabomvu njengoba ekhombisa ukulangazelela i-hors d'oeuvres—esinxusa buthule ukuba sijabulele ukudla okumnandi ayengasenakukuzwa ngokugcwele.
Ukubhekana nesifo sikaParkinson
Nakuba ngokungangabazeki isifo sikaParkinson sithinta izinga lempilo, asibonisi nakancane ukuphela kwempilo ngokwayo. Kunalokho, kudinga ukulungiswa ukuze uqhubeke uphila ngokugcwele. Ku-Carl, ukuncika ohlelweni lwakhe lokumeseka kwaba yinto ebalulekile, futhi waba nenhlanhla yokuba nesikhungo esiphezulu emphakathini wakubo lapho ayevame ukuhlanganyela nontanga yakhe. Isici senhlalo sasibalulekile kuye ukuba aqhubekele phambili, ikakhulukazi ecabangela ukuthi abaningi babangane bakhe nabo babebhekene nobunzima ngempilo yabo, okubavumela ukuba basekelane ngokusebenzisa okuhlangenwe nakho okwabiwe.
Ngaphandle kwenethiwekhi yakhe yokuxhumana nabantu, uCarl wathola induduzo okholweni lwakhe. NjengomKatolika oshisekayo, ukuya emisa nsuku zonke esontweni likaSt. Rita kwamnikeza amandla angokomoya. Nakuba izinto zokuzilibazisa ngokomzimba kwakudingeka zibekwe eceleni, ukuya esontweni kwahlala kuyingxenye yesimiso sakhe. Ubuhlobo bakhe nompristi wesonto baqina, ikakhulukazi phakathi neminyaka yakhe yokugcina, njengoba umpristi enikeza isiqondiso esingokomoya, ephatha iSakramente Logcobo Lwabagulayo futhi ehola imisa lomngcwabo kaCarl. Amandla omthandazo nenkolo asebenze njengendlela ebalulekile yokubhekana noCarl futhi angasiza ngokufanayo nabanye ababhekene nezinselele ezifanayo.
Ngaphandle kokholo, ukwesekwa komndeni kudlale indima ebalulekile ohambweni luka-Carl. Njengoyise wezingane eziyisithupha kanye nomkhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili, uCarl uthembele emndenini wakhe ukuze uthole usizo, ikakhulukazi ngezinkinga zokuhamba. Nakuba ubungane babubalulekile, ukusekelwa komndeni kwakubaluleke ngokufanayo, ikakhulukazi lapho uhlela ukunakekelwa kokuphela kwempilo kanye nezinqumo.
Ukufinyelela kochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo nakho kwakubalulekile. Ubuchwepheshe babo baqondisa uCarl ebunzimeni besifo sikaParkinson. Lokhu kugcizelela ukubaluleka kokunakekelwa kwezempilo, okufana ne-Medicare, esiza ekwehliseni umthwalo wezezimali ohambisana nokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kumalungu e-Colorado Access, okungenzeka abhekene nezimo ezifanayo, futhi kubeka umbono wokuthi kungani kubalulekile ngathi ukuthi siqhubeke sinikeza i-Medicaid.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zinsika zokusekela, amanye amasu okubhekana nawo angasiza abantu abaphila nesifo sikaParkinson, okuhlanganisa:
- Imfundo: Ukuqonda lesi sifo nezimpawu zaso kunikeza abantu amandla okwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokwelashwa kwabo kanye nokulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila.
- Hlala umatasa (uma kungenzeka): Zibandakanye emsebenzini womzimba ofanelana namakhono nokuthandwayo, njengoba ukuvivinya umzimba kungase kusize ukuthuthukisa ukuhamba, ukuma kwenhliziyo, kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila iyonke yabantu abanesifo sika-Parkinson.
- Yamukela ubuchwepheshe obuvumelana nezimo: Imishini esiza nobuchwepheshe ingathuthukisa ukuzimela futhi yenze lula imisebenzi yansuku zonke yabantu abanesifo sika-Parkinson.
Ngasekupheleni kohambo luka-Carl nesifo sika-Parkinson, wangena ekwelapheni abagulela ukufa futhi kamuva washona ngokuthula ngoJuni 18, 2017, eneminyaka engu-88. Kuyo yonke le mizabalazo yakhe, uCarl wahlakulela ukukhuthazela empini yakhe yansuku zonke yokulwa nesifo sika-Parkinson. Ukunqoba ngakunye okuncane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukwenza ngempumelelo inkomishi yekhofi noma ukusakaza ibhotela ku-toast, kwakumelela ukunqoba phezu kobunzima.
Njengoba sicabanga ngohambo luka-Carl kanye nezinselele abhekane nazo, masizinikele ekuqwashiseni nasekukhuthazeni ukuzwelana kwabaphila ne-Parkinson's disease. Kwangathi indaba yakhe ingasebenza njengesikhumbuzo sokuqina namandla, ngisho nalapho ebhekene nezinselele ezinzima kakhulu. Kwangathi singama ngobumbe emizamweni yethu yokweseka kanye nokufukula labo abathintwe yi-Parkinson's disease.
Imithombo
mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/parkinsons-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20376055