Amaphethini kanye ne-PTSD
Sonke sincike emaphethini, noma ngabe ukuzulazula kwethrafikhi, ukudlala umdlalo, noma ukuqaphela isimo esijwayelekile. Zisisiza ukuthi sibhekane nomhlaba osizungezile ngendlela ephumelela kakhudlwana. Zisisiza ukuthi singahlali sithatha zonke izingcezu zolwazi olusizungezile ukuze siqonde okwenzekayo.
Amaphethini avumela ubuchopho bethu ukuthi bubone ukuhleleka emhlabeni osizungezile futhi zithole imithetho esingayisebenzisa ukuze senze izibikezelo. Esikhundleni sokuzama ukumunca ukwaziswa ezingxenyeni ezingahlobene, singasebenzisa iphethini ukuze senze umqondo walokho okwenzekayo esizungezile.
Leli khono elikhulu lokuchaza izwe lethu eliyinkimbinkimbi lingase libe yingozi, ikakhulukazi uma siye sabhekana nesenzakalo esibuhlungu. Kungaba ukulimaza ngamabomu, ingozi ehlasimulisa umzimba, noma ukwesabeka kwempi. Khona-ke, ubuchopho bethu busengozini yokubona amaphethini angase asikhumbuze, noma aqalise kithi, imizwa esasinayo ngesikhathi sesigameko sangempela esibuhlungu.
NgoJuni Inyanga Kazwelonke Yokuqwashisa Nge-Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). futhi ihloselwe ukuqwashisa umphakathi ngezindaba eziphathelene ne-PTSD, ukunciphisa ukucwaswa okuhlobene ne-PTSD, nokusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi labo abahlushwa amanxeba angabonakali okuhlangenwe nakho kokuhlukumezeka bathola ukwelashwa okufanele.
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kunabantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-8 e-United States abane-PTSD.
Iyini i-PTSD?
Udaba oluwumongo lwe-PTSD lubonakala luyinkinga noma ukungasebenzi ngendlela okukhunjulwa ngayo ukuhlukumezeka. I-PTSD ivamile; phakathi kuka-5% no-10% wethu uzobhekana nalokhu. I-PTSD ingase ithuthuke okungenani inyanga eyodwa ngemva kwesigameko esibuhlungu. Ngaphambi kwalokho, abelaphi abaningi babheka ukusabela “njengesenzakalo sokucindezeleka okukhulu,” ngezinye izikhathi okubhekwa njengesifo sokucindezeleka okukhulu. Akuwona wonke umuntu onalokhu ozoqhubeka nokuthuthukisa i-PTSD, kodwa cishe uhhafu uzokwenza. Uma izimpawu zakho zihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlolwe i-PTSD. Ingase ithuthuke okungenani inyanga eyodwa ngemva kwesehlakalo esifanelekile esibuhlungu, ikakhulukazi isenzakalo esihilela usongo lokufa noma ukulimala kobuqotho bomzimba. Lokhu kuvamile kuyo yonke iminyaka yobudala namaqembu.
Lokhu kungasebenzi kahle kwendlela ubuchopho obukhumbula ngayo ukuhlukumezeka okwedlule kuholela ezimpawini eziningi zempilo yengqondo ezingaba khona. Akuwona wonke umuntu odlula esehlakalweni esibuhlungu ozothuthukisa i-PTSD. Kunocwaningo oluningi oluqhubekayo mayelana nokuthi ubani kithi osengozini yokucabanga okuphindaphindwayo, noma ukweqa, okungadala i-PTSD.
Kuvamile ezigulini ezibona umhlinzeki wazo wokunakekela oyinhloko kodwa ngeshwa ngokuvamile azibonakali. Abesifazane banamathuba aphindwe kabili okuthola ukuxilongwa uma kuqhathaniswa nabesilisa. Akudingeki ukuthi ube sesosha. Abantu ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwezempi baba nokuhlangenwe nakho okubuhlungu.
Iluphi uhlobo lokuhlukumezeka oluye lwaxhunyaniswa ne-PTSD?
Kubalulekile ukwazi nakuba cishe uhhafu wabantu abadala baye baba nokuhlangenwe nakho okubuhlungu, bangaphansi kuka-10% abahlakulela i-PTSD. Izinhlobo zokuhlukumezeka eziye zaxhunyaniswa ne-PTSD:
- Udlame lobudlelwane bocansi - ngaphezu kuka-30% wezisulu zodlame lobudlelwane bocansi baye baba ne-PTSD.
- Izigigaba ezihlukumezanayo phakathi kwabantu - njengokufa okungalindelekile noma esinye isenzakalo esibuhlungu sothandekayo, noma ukugula okusongela ukuphila kwengane.
- Udlame phakathi kwabantu - lokhu kubandakanya ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba kwezingane noma ukubona udlame phakathi kwabantu, ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba, noma ukusatshiswa ngodlame.
- Ukubamba iqhaza odlameni oluhleliwe - lokhu kuzobandakanya ukuchayeka empini, ukubona ukufa/ukulimala okubi kakhulu, ukufa ngengozi noma ngenhloso noma ukulimala okubi.
- Ezinye izenzakalo eziyingozi ezisongela ukuphila - njengokushayisana kwezimoto ezibeka impilo engozini, inhlekelele yemvelo, nokunye.
Ziyini izimpawu?
Imicabango ephazamisayo, ukugwema izinto ezikukhumbuza ngokuhlukumezeka, kanye nesimo sokucindezeleka noma sokukhathazeka yizimpawu ezivame kakhulu. Lezi zimpawu zingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu ekhaya, emsebenzini, noma ebudlelwaneni bakho. Izimpawu ze-PTSD:
- Izimpawu zokungena - "ukubona kabusha," imicabango engadingeki, ama-flashbacks.
- Izimpawu zokugwema - ukugwema imisebenzi, abantu noma izimo ezikhumbuza abantu ngokuhlukumezeka.
- Isimo sokucindezeleka, ukubona umhlaba njengendawo ethusayo, ukungakwazi ukuxhumana nabanye.
- Ukucasuka noma “kusonqenqemeni,” ikakhulukazi uma sekuqalile ngemuva kokuhlangabezana nesigameko esibuhlungu.
- Ubunzima bokulala, amaphupho amabi aphazamisayo.
Njengoba kukhona ezinye izinkinga zempilo zokuziphatha ezidlulana ne-PTSD, kubalulekile ukuthi umhlinzeki wakho akusize ukuxazulula lokhu. Kubalulekile ukuthi abahlinzeki babuze iziguli zabo ngokuhlukumezeka okwedlule, ikakhulukazi uma kunokukhathazeka noma izimpawu zemizwa.
Ukwelashwa
Ukwelashwa kungabandakanya inhlanganisela yemithi kanye nokwelashwa kwengqondo, kodwa i-psychotherapy iyonke ingaba nenzuzo enkulu kakhulu. I-Psychotherapy iyindlela yokwelapha yokuqala ethandwayo ye-PTSD futhi kufanele inikezwe zonke iziguli. Ukwelashwa kwengqondo okugxilwe ekuhlukumezekeni kuboniswe ukuthi kusebenza kahle kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nemithi noma ukwelapha "okungewona ukuhlukumezeka". Izikhungo ze-psychotherapy ezigxile ekuhlukumezekeni ezizungeze isipiliyoni sezehlakalo ezidlule ezihlukumezayo ukuze zisize ekucubunguleni izenzakalo kanye nezinkolelo ezishintshayo mayelana nokuhlukumezeka okwedlule. Lezi zinkolelo mayelana nokuhlukumezeka okwedlule ngokuvamile zibangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu futhi azisizi. Imithi iyatholakala ukusekela ukwelashwa futhi ingaba usizo kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulabo abahlushwa amaphupho amabi aphazamisayo, umhlinzeki wakho angase futhi akwazi ukusiza.
Yiziphi izici eziyingozi ze-PTSD?
Kulokhu kugcizelelwa kakhulu ekuhlonzeni izici ezichaza umehluko ngamunye ezimpendulweni zokuhlukumezeka. Abanye bethu bayakwazi ukuqina. Ingabe zikhona izici zofuzo, okuhlangenwe nakho kwasebuntwaneni, noma ezinye izehlakalo zokuphila ezicindezelayo ezisenza sibe sengozini?
Eziningi zalezi zenzakalo zivamile, zibangela abantu abaningi abathintekayo. Ukuhlaziywa okuvela kunhlolovo yesampula enkulu, emele umphakathi esekelwe emazweni angu-24 kulinganisela amathuba anemibandela e-PTSD ezinhlotsheni ezingu-29 zezenzakalo ezibuhlungu. Izici zobungozi ezikhonjiwe zihlanganisa:
- Umlando wokuvezwa kwe-trauma ngaphambi komcimbi we-index traumatic.
- Imfundo encane
- Isimo esiphansi senhlalo-mnotho
- Ubunzima bezingane (okuhlanganisa ukuhlukumezeka kwasebuntwaneni/ukuhlukunyezwa)
- Umlando wengqondo yomuntu siqu nomndeni
- Ubulili
- Race
- Ukwesekwa komphakathi okumpofu
- Ukulimala ngokomzimba (okuhlanganisa ukulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu) njengengxenye yesigameko esibuhlungu
Itimu evamile kuzinhlolovo eziningi ibonise izehlakalo eziphezulu ze-PTSD lapho ukuhlukumezeka bekungamabomu kunokungahlosile.
Okokugcina, uma wena, othandekayo, noma umngane uhlushwa noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi zikhona izindlela eziphumelelayo zokwelapha. Sicela ufinyelele.
chcw.org/june-is-ptsd-awareness-month/
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27189040/
aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2023/0300/posttraumatic-stress-disorder.html#afp20230300p273-b34